2022 NJC Prelims P1

1`1NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGESENIOR HIGH 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONSHigher 2HISTORY 9752/01Paper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945 – 2000) 24 August 2022 3 Hours Additional Materials: Answer BookletREAD THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRSTAn answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.Section A Answer Question 1.Section BAnswer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This question paper consists of 5 printed pages and 3 blank pages. H

2SECTION APaper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945–2000)You must answer Question 1.The End of Bipolarity1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source ARonald Reagan sought to mend America’s wounded spirit, to restore the strength of the free world, and to free the slaves of communism. These were causes hard to accomplish and heavy with risk. He inspired America and its allies with renewed faith in their mission of freedom. He won the Cold War, not only without firing a shot, but also by inviting enemies out of their fortress and turning them into friends. Reagan resisted Soviet expansion bravely until the USSR began to collapse beneath the combined weight of those pressures and its own failures. And when a man of goodwill did emerge from the ruins, President Reagan stepped forward to shake his hand and to offer sincere cooperation, most notably seen in the arms reduction treaty signed between the US and USSR.Extracted from former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher’s speech at Reagan’s funeral, 11 June 2004.Source BDestiny so ruled that when I found myself at the helm of this state it already was clear that something was wrong in this country.We had a lot of everything -- land, oil and gas, other natural resources -- and there was intellect and talent in abundance. However, we were living much worse than people in the industrialized countries and were increasingly lagging behind them. The reason was obvious even then. This country was suffocating in the shackles of the bureaucratic command system. Doomed to cater to ideology and suffer and carry the onerous burden of the arms race, it found itself at the breaking point.All the half-hearted reforms fell through, one after another. This country was going nowhere, and we couldn't possibly live the way we did. We had to change everything radically.A speech by Gorbachev in Moscow, December 1991.

3Source C A cartoon published in a British newspaper, August 1988.Source DInterviewer: If in 1988 or 1989 you had moved the Soviet Army into Eastern Europe could we be sitting here in 2001 with you still in office and communism still intact? Gorbachev: I started Glasnost because I was committed to the values of freedom and democracy. Before