GREENDALE SEC SCH 4N SS Prelim 2019 [Qn + Ans]

GREENDALE SECONDARY SCHOOL Preliminary Examination 2019 HUMANITIES 2175/2176 Paper 1 Social Studies 19 August 2019 SECONDARY 4 NORMAL ACADEMIC 1 hour 45 minutes Additional Materials: 1 x Answer Booklet READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Follow the instructions on the front cover of the Answer Booklet Write all answers in the Answer Booklet. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer both parts Question 2. The number of marks given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Examination Marks Parent’s Signature: ……………………… Date: ___________ Section A Section B Total 35 15 50

This document consists of 8 printed pages. Greendale Secondary School 2019 Section A (Source-Based Case Study) Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. 1 Exploring Citizenship and Governance Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources which you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the issue to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. (a) Study Source A. Why do you think Mr Tomy made this comment? Explain your answer. [6] (b) Study Sources B and C. Having read Source B, are you surprised by Source C? Explain your answer. [7] (c) Study Source D. What does the author think about the responsibility of keeping Bali clean? Explain your answer. [5] (d) Study Sources E and F. How similar are these two sources about the challenges Bali faced ? Explain your answer. [7] (e) How far do the sources in the case study show that tourism is benefitting the locals in Bali? Explain your answer. [10]

Is tourism benefitting the locals in Bali? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. Bali, one of Indonesia’s islands, is a popular tourist destination attracting about 6 million tourists from all around the world in 2018 alone. Bali is renowned for its nature like coral reefs, sandy beaches, hills, waterfalls, mountains and volcanoes. While the rest of Indonesia has a Muslim majority, Bali is the only province with a Hindu -majority. The Balinese-Hindu culture, arts, temples and religious sites are also key tourist attractions. In order to develo p tourism further, the President of Indonesia announced in 2014 that Benoa Bay will be developed into hotels, malls, theme park and gardens. Benoa Bay was home to more 60 natural sites and sacred to the Hindus. This announcement was met with continuous protests from the Balinese. Study the following sources to assess whether tourism is benefitting the locals in Bali. Source A: An interview with Mr Tomy Winata published on an online article in September 2016. Mr Tomy is the Chairman of the company awarded the permit to redevelop Benoa Bay. We want to attract international tourists who spend US$300 a day. I would like Bali to change and I want to help it face the world for the next century. Don't let Bali become underdeveloped and only a cheap touris t destination. But the most important is conservation. I am trying to save Benoa Bay for another few hundred years. I love Bali. I have responsibility for the good of the people. Every day, I'm thinking about how to make a green project, serving the poor people, from morning until night.

Source B: Adapted from an interview in 2016 with a local who is an owner of a guesthouse in Ubud. Ubud is a town in Bali which is popular for its arts, culture and rice fields. My business is abo ut tourism. My salary and money for my family and my life are from tourism. When many tourists come then it is easy for people in Ubud to get a job. However, I would also like to see Ubud locals retain their ownership of tourism businesses. I worry when the owner is a foreigner, I worry they don’t use traditional style here in Ubud. They will build the hotels in a modern style. In Ubud, we still keep the traditional (Balinese Hindu) culture. In Kuta1 the culture has moved already. Kuta now is not like real Bali, maybe it’s like Australia already. 1Kuta is another town in Bali, popular among Australian tourists. Source C: An interview with a poet and theatre director who is a native of Ubud, August 2012. We have used culture as merchandise 2. The Balinese are deeply attached to their religion and culture: they spend a lot of time in the temples and respect the ritual s. But mass tourism has upset such practices: the diversity of local cultures and the specific character of certain rites are simplified. Foreigner s are offered a standardised package. It is all the more difficult to stop such trends, because the travel trade does have a positive side. People are better off, living standards have improved. 2Merchandise are goods being bought or sold

Source D: Adapted from an article published on the website of Keep Bali Clean, a Non-Government Organisation, July 2014. During the wet season, the rain rinses the island of its plastic garbage which ends up in the sea. However, the winds will eventually push the tonnes of trash back to shore and the cycle continues. In 2013 alone, tourism grew by 11% from 2012. The island’s garbage collection and disposal services are unable to cope with the huge volume of waste generated. Bali’s governor I Made Mangku Pastika claims this is a natural phenomenon, since it happens year in year out. He also claims it is no one’s fault and urged restaurants and hotels to take care of clean -ups and disposal. His response is no more than a temporary solution. Source E: Adapted from an article published by on the website of the Bali Provincial Government, May 2019. Bali's movement to recycle plastic waste is one of the Bali Government’s efforts to invite the public to keep their environment clean and beautiful. This was conveyed by Mr Dewa Made Indra, a secretary to the Governor of Bali at the Pancasari Village. The village was targeted to implement this movement as it is a beautiful and sacred area with a lot of tourism. Mr Dewa explained that besides the government’ s appeals or regulations, the community also needs to play an active role and participate in cleaning activities. He shared that after the use of disposable plastic was banned in December 2018, the Environmental Agency’s monthly survey showed a significant reduction in plastic waste from February to April 2019.

Source F: A cartoonist’s impression of the Bali festival organised by TrashStock in August 2018. TrashStock is a group of young people in Bali who are concerned about the plastic issue in Bali. Oh Jeezz, I guess THE TRAVEL AGENT forgot to mention about rubbish around the temple in their brochure!

SECTION B (Structured-Response Question) Question 2 is compulsory for all candidates. 2 Being Part of a Globalised World Study the extracts carefully, and then answer the questions. Extract 1 Globalisation pres ents opportunities to attract individuals from all over the world to improve and supplement the Singapore workforce. However, this can be a form of competition for Singaporeans. Older workers may struggle to keep their jobs while younger workers find themselves with less opportunities as a result of the competition with foreigners. Extract 2 Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are businesses with economic activities in more than one country. The global span of their operations drives globalisation and increase the economic interconnections between people and goods throughout the world. Most MNCs in Singapore are foreign owned. Extract 3