SS Victoria School 2024

This paper consists of 6 printed pages, including the cover page. [Turn over Name Class Register Number HUMANITIES 2260/01 & 2261/01 Paper 1 SOCIAL STUDIES 24/S4PRELIM/SS Friday 23 August 2024 1 hour 45 minutes VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION SECONDARY FOUR Additional Material: Writing Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class and register number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A: Answer all questions. Section B: Answer both questions. Begin each question on a fresh page. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question. The total number of marks for this paper is 50. Setters: Ms Chua Wai Yi and Mrs Maggie Lim

2 VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S4PRELIM/SS Section A (Source-Based Case Study) Answer all questions. Exploring Citizenship and Governance Study the background information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources which you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the issue to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1) Study Source A. What can you infer from Source A about food waste in McDonald’s? Explain your answer. [5] 2) Study Sources B and C. How similar are Sources B and C? Explain your answer. [7] 3) Study Sources D and E. Having read Source D, are you surprised by Source E? Explain your answer. [7] 4) Study Source F. How useful is Source F as evidence that the fast food industry is successful in managing food waste? Explain your answer. [6] 5) ‘Individuals play an important role in reducing food waste.’ Using the sources in the case study, explain how far you would agree with this statement. [10]

3 VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S4PRELIM/SS How challenging is it to reduce food waste? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. 931 million tonnes of food go to waste each year . A recent study on reducing food waste found restaurants waste 4% to 10% of the food they bought, and 30% to 40% of the food they serve to customers is never eaten. Food waste burdens waste management systems, increases food insecurity and is a major contributor to the global problems of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that 690 million people went hungry in 2019 , with these figures likely to rise post -COVID. Governments around the world are starting to make progress in food recovery and donations and are adopting penalties to help curb high levels of food waste. Businesses have also show n a greater willingness to donate food when food safety guidance have been cleared by the government . There have also been increasing studies on individual behavior and food routines that lead to food wastage. Study the following sources to find out how challenging it is to reduce food waste. Source A: From a social media post by McDonald’s employees, July 2020, who revealed that McDonald’s made employees fill up a waste form.

4 VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S4PRELIM/SS Source B: From an article published by the Straits Times commemorating Total Defence Day in Singapore, January 2023. It all started when Fridge Restock Community’s (FRC) founder, Mr Daniel Yap, found freegans searching for carrots in a dumpster. Freeganism encourages recovery of wasted food. When asked if he was afraid of eating blemished food, a recipient, Ethan Phoon said: “Nothing to be fearful about, it’s just food.” However, FRC’s Mr Yap has also faced complaints from residents who thought that the running of a community fridge, which stocked surplus produce would attract pests. Groups like Divert for 2nd Life (D2L) specialises in collecting surplus food from businesses, and redistribut ing through Goodhood.sg app. Marketing Director Ms Chew found that for a $2 donation, she could take 10 items from the distribution centre of Food Rescue Sengkang. Some items were mouldy and overripe, but they were edible. Ms Chew said: “Someone spent time planting, growing, nurturing the food item… whatever we can do to prevent (food wastage) is a win.” Source C: A social experiment on food wastage published on YouTube by the Ministry of Funny in Singapore,2015. Ministry of Funny is an entertainment company which aims to promote thinking on societal issues. [A transcript of the responses] Actor : Anybody wants to waste food? It’s a wasting party! Let’s throw these pieces of bread on the ground. Passerby 1: You’re wasting food! Stop! Passerby 2: I don’t think it’s a good thing. You could have given it to somebody who actually needs it. How about you do something a little better with this little bread of yours? You may have money to spare but others don’t. Passerby 3: That’s not what food is made for. It may not make a difference to you but it may make a difference to them. Passerby 4: Give it to me. I can give it to my friends or just eat it myself. Don’t waste it. Source D: From an article published by a Chinese government news agency on 5 August 2020. Chinese President Xi Jinping has stressed resolutely putting an end to wasting food and called for promoting thrift. Calling the issue of food waste shocking and distressing, Xi highlighted the need to maintain a sense of crisis regarding food security, especially amid the fallout of the COVID -19 epidemic. Xi stressed enhancing legislation and supervision and establishing a long -term mechanism to stop food waste. In January 2013, he first brought up this issue and has since given multiple instructions requiring efforts including strict compliance from restaurants and individuals, strong supervision and also severe punishment mechanisms regarding excessive food consumption by government officials using government funds.

5 VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S4PRELIM/SS Source E: Posts from a Chinese social media platform where netizens shared photos of their before and after dinner plates with the hashtag, the Big Clean Plate Challenge initiated by the Chinese government, which earned 200 million views by 21st August 2020. Source F: From a response to a frequently asked question published in 2018 by McDonald’s on their corporate website. What do you do with your leftover food? We keep a close eye on what we sell at different times of the day, which means that restaurants only order and prepare the amount of food th