2023 SAJC J1 Promos QP (Cluster 1)

ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE Final Examination Higher 2 Geography 9173/01 Paper 1 (Cluster 1) 25 Sept 2023 1h 30 min Additional Materials: Answer Paper 1 Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Begin each question on a fresh page. Answer Question 1 and either Question 2 or 3. The insert contains all the Resources referred to in the questions. You should make reference to appropriate examples studied in the field or the classroom, even where such examples are not specifically requested by the question. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten your work together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question. You are advised to spend not more than 50 min in Section A and 40 min in Section B. This document consists of 2 printed pages. [Turn over

SAJC/9173/01Cluster1/FE/2023 2 Section A Answer Question 1. 1 Resource 1 shows the course of the River Nile from its source to the Mediterranean Sea. Resource 2 shows population growth for the countries within the River Nile drainage basin. Resource 3 shows an extract from an academic article on transboundary water conflicts in the River Nile drainage basin. Resource 4 shows Egypt’s performance in the various SDGs in 2023. (a) With reference to Resource 1, describe the distribution of dams along the River Nile. [4] (b) Suggest two ways how the construction of dams can compromise the ability of rivers to provide ecosystem services. [4] (c) With reference to Resources 1 and 2, suggest two reasons why conflicts over access to water will occur between countries in the River Nile drainage basin. [5] (d) With reference to Resource 3, explain the limitations of water treaties in managing conflicts in transboundary river basins. [6] (e) With reference to Resource 4, describe Egypt’s progress towards meeting the SDGs. [6] (f) Explain why it is difficult to accurately measure progress towards sustainable development, such as that of Egypt shown in Resource 4. [5] Section B Answer either Question 2 or Question 3. 2 ‘The advantages of solar power as an energy source outweigh its disadvantages.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] 3 Evaluate the impacts of extractive industries on the environment. [20]