NJC 2026 H2 Geography Prelim P2 QP

NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGE SH2 Preliminary Examinations for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 GEOGRAPHY 9173/02 Paper 2 15 September 2026 3 hours Additional Materials: Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer b ooklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Write your Centre number, index number and name on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer Question 2. Section C Answer one question. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages and 1 Insert.

2 Answer Questions 1 and 2 and EITHER Question 3 OR Question 4 Section A Cluster 4: Fieldwork 1 A group of five students in Singapore carried out fieldwork to investigate the attitudes and behaviours of adults aged 21 – 65 towards e-waste recycling and repair as environmentally sustainable practices. According to the National Environment Agency (NEA), e- waste is electrical and electronic equipment of any kind that has been discarded and includes anything powered by an electrical source, such as from a power socket or a battery. Their hypothesis was: Younger adults aged 21 to 45 residing in Ang Mo Kio are more likely to participate in sustainable practices with respect to e-waste than those aged 46 to 65. The students chose Ang Mo Kio as it is a mature residential estate with an ethnic mix that mirrors Singapore’s national ethnic composition. They used systematic sampling, selecting every 30 th person outside Ang Mo Kio Hub to complete a questionnaire, until they obtained a total of 50 respondents aged 21 to 65. They conducted their survey on a Tuesday and Wednesday morning during the March holidays. They obtained consent from the respondents and verified their ages before administering the questionnaire. Resource 1A is a map showing the location of Ang Mo Kio Hub. Resource 1B is a photograph of Ang Mo Kio Hub. Resource 2 shows selected demographic characteristics of Ang Mo Kio in comparison to Singapore. Resource 3 shows the questionnaire used by the students. Resource 4 shows responses to selected questions in the questionnaire. (a) Explain one strength and one weakness of the students’ hypothesis. [4] (b) Using Resources 1 A, 1B and 2, explain why the site chosen is suitable for the investigation. [4] (c) With reference to Resources 1A and 1B, suggest how the students could minimise the impact of their investigation. [4] (d) Using Resource 3, explain the strengths and weaknesses of the questionnaire. [5] (e) Explain how the students could improve the accuracy and reliability of the survey data collected. [5] (f) Suggest how the data collected for Q1 in Resource 4 may be represented. [3]

3 (g) In addition to the data collected by the students, suggest other types of data that they could have collected to help them in their investigation. [5] (h) With reference to all the resources, evaluate the validity of the students’ fieldwork. [10] Section B Cluster 3: Sustainable Future and Climate Change 2 Resource 5 is an infographic showing Japan’s population data. Resource 6 shows Japan’s population by age group in 2022. Resource 7 shows the estimated rate of increase in elderly single-person households by prefecture in Japan in 2050 as compared to 2020. Resource 8 shows the cost of living index comparison by prefecture in Japan in 2024. (a) Using Resources 5 and 6, describe the population characteristics of Japan. [5] (b) Using Resource 7, describe how the estimated rate of increase in elderly single - person households varies across Japan. [4] (c) With reference to Resources 5, 6, 7 and 8, suggest possible issues faced by the elderly living in urban areas of Japan. [6] (d) Suggest possible strategies to address the issues faced by the elderly living in urban areas of Japan. [6] (e) Explain two social factors that influence the liveability of a city. [4] (f) Explain how climate change might impact the elderly. [5]

4 Section C Answer EITHER Question 3 OR Question 4 3 ‘Multiple deprivations faced by slum dwellers living in the city pose the most significant obstacle to progress towards sustainable urban development.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] 4 ‘The most important actor in implementing climate change responses is the state.’ Evaluate this statement. [20]