Essay Notes for O Level Elective Geography

🌎EssayNotes(OLevelElectiveGeography)🌱Withexamples, ofcourse! ● Clickthetopiclinksbelowtoopeneachrespectivechapterthatcanbetestedforessay● ThissetofnotescanbeusedtostudyforBOTHtheessayandnormalquestions(notethatsomesuperfluousdetailsareomitted)● Currentlyexampleswith‘?’ implyinsufficientstatisticsinthetextbook TestableClimateTopics:● 1.2VariationsinAirTemperature● 2.1NaturalVariabilityofClimate● 2.2AnthropogenicFactorsContributingtoClimateChange● 2.3ImpactofClimateChangeonNaturalSystems● 2.4ImpactofClimateChangeonHumanSystems● 3.2VariationsofClimateRisksacrossPlaces● 3.3EffectivenessofMitigationStrategiesinBuildingCommunityResiliencetoClimateChange● 3.4EffectivenessofAdaptationStrategiesinBuildingCommunityResiliencetoClimateChange TestableTourismTopics:● 1.2ReasonsthatLedtotheGrowthofTourism● 2.1TrendsinTourism● 2.2EconomicImpactsofTourism● 2.3SocialImpactsofTourism● 2.4EnvironmentImpactsofTourism● 3.2EffectivenessofStakeholdersinInfluencingSustainableTourismDevelopment● 3.3EffectivenessofStakeholdersinInfluencingSustainableTourismDevelopment EssayFormatRecap: 1. Introa. Scope:“Whilestrategieslike(factor1)areeffective,(factor2)isalsoeffective/anotherfactorthat…”2. Bodyx2a. Factorb. Explanation(4bulletpoints)c. Example(2bulletpoints,musthavelocation/statistic)d. Linkfactortocommoncriteriainqn(e.g.effectiveness)3. Conclusiona. Stand (CC0)NoRightsReserved. Feel freetodistribute.CollatedbyArish.PMforanychangesorrequesttocontribute.Iappreciateanyhelp.<3

b. Stateweighingcriteria(Scale,long/shortterm,cause&effect,interdependent,cost-effective,solution)c. Reasons(1formainfactor1foralternatefactor,uselogic,buildon‘why’) 1.Climate 1.2VariationsinAirTemperature Factor Explanation(~4points) Example(~2points) Mostlikelyfactorsbasedongeographicallocation,notbasedontime,willbetestedforessay(canusescale) Airtemperaturevariesduetodifferencesin latitude ● temperatureslowerathigherlatitudes● duetoEarth’ssphericalshape→angleatwhichsunraysstrikeEarth’ssurface(solarangle)varies@differentparts● higherlatitude→smallersolarangle→lessdirectsolarradiation→spreadoveralargearea→lessconcentrated→↓temp ● Beijing,Cina(40°N)temperaturesaround12°C● Singapore(1°N)temperaturesaround29°C Airtemperaturevariesduetodifferencesin altitude ● @localscale→temperatureslowerathigheraltitude● @higherattitude→airlessdense● becauseairpressureislowerasgravitypullairmoleculesdown● fewerairmolecules→airhaslowerabilitytoabsorbandradiateheat→lowertemperatures AverageTemp● GentingHighlands(1700mabovesealevel)12°C● Surroundingareasatsealevelisabout32°C Clickheretogobacktotop

Airtemperatureatspecificsitesareinfluencedby typeofsurface ● darksurfaces→absorbmoresolarradiation→radiatemoreheat→↑temp● lightcolouredsurfaces→reflectmoresolarradiation→radiatelessheat→↓temp● urbanareashavehighertemp○ largeareasofdarksurfaces(roads)○ glass-coveredskyscrapers(reflectsunlighttogroundsurface) ● NightTimeatSingapore’sCentralBusinessDistrictis2°Cwarmerthan● areanearMacritchieReservoir(withverydensevegetation) Airtemperatur