SAJC H2 Prelim 2024 P1 QP

St Andrew,s Junior Coll ge •• JC2 Preliminary xaminations for General Cert1f1cate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 ECONOMICS Paper1 No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST 9 70/01 23 Aug 2024 2 hour 30 minu.""' An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Answer all questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [] at the end of each question or part question. ©SAJC 2024 9570/01/Aug/24 This document consists of 9 printed pages and 1 blank page. ST ANDREW'S JUNIOR COLLEGE Economics Department [Turn Over

2 . . Fertiliser Trap . phosphate f.ertiliser ,market. . . . . . . constrained as measures to fight climate change are imp eme , ,remain high for years to come. the solution to the fertiliser crisis is to increase supplies of natural gas and develop mor~ production supplies within Europe are severely constrained. They say this is necessary to protect domestic production from imports and to keep their factories in operation. 8,ut increased production of chemical fertilisers will not resolve this crisis. The era of cheap fertilisers is over, and the costs have become too much to bear - both in terms of the financial burden. for farmers and public budgets, the severe environmental and health impacts, and the long­ term risks to food security. While some short-term actions can be taken to cut waste and address excess profit taking by fertiliser companies, it is critical that governments focus on reducing consumption in the long-term, including programmes to support farmers to transition towards environmentally-sound and more cost-effective alternatives, such as agroecology. Agroecology .incorporates traditional knowledge with science. Instead of chemical fertilisers, farmers restore nutrients and fertility to soils through the use of manure or through the cultivation of plants that absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere. These farming practices also do less damage to soils in the first place. In many places, farmers are already demonstrating that they can transition away from the use of chemical fertilisers as part of a broader transition to agroecology, without sacrificing their yields. To make a transition away from chemical fertilisers, farmers need public support. Abrupt, top-down bans on chemical fertilisers, such as those in Sri Lanka in 2021, invite fail,ure. Source: Adapted from The Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, ''The Fertiliser Trap'', a Nov 2022 Extract 2: Soaring fertiliser prices force farmers to rethink how they farm It's a tough time to be a farmer. Just ask Rachael Sharp, a third~generation farmer in the us state of South Carolina, who grows a varied mix of soybeans, corn, wheat, cotton, peanuts and oats. She saw fertiliser prices for her crops soar 3203/o last year -the sh