2023 AHS PRELIM P2 INSERT

Name___________________________________( ) Class4_______ ENGLISHLANGUAGE 1184/02 Paper2ComprehensionINSERT 21August20231hour50minutes READTHESEINSTRUCTIONSFIRST ThisInsertcontainsText1,Text2,Text3andText4. ThisINSERTconsistsof 7printedpages.

2 SectionA Study the online advertisement (Text 1) and the social media post (Text 2) and answerQuestions1–4intheQuestionPaper. Text 1isaposterbytheNational EnvironmentAgency(NEA)aboutdengueinSingapore. AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

3 Text 2istakenfromasocial mediapostontheNEA’sFacebookpage. AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

4 Mozziescanbreedanywherewithstagnantwater.Let'sremembertostayalert! Don’tforgettocheck all corners at home regularly for potential mozzie breeding spots too. It's one of theeasiestandmosteffectivestepswecantaketopreventdenguetransmission.Together,wecanstopdenguewithB-L-O-C-K. HaveyoudonetheMozzieWipeouttoday? AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

5 SectionBText 3 The text below is the account of the writer and his companion, Dominique, who travelled toNepal onatrekkingexpedition. ReadthetextcarefullyandanswerQuestions5–14intheQuestionPaper. 1 People come from all points on the globe to the dreamland that is Nepal. I am afishermanfromtheUnitedStatesandhavethought aboutthistripforalmostadecade;DominiquesellscarpetsinParis. Wecametogether bychance, throughairport delaysat MoscowandinNewDelhi.Thoughwehaddifferentexpectations,wehadacommontheme.WehadtravelledtotheHimalayaswithahungertotouchabygoneage. 5 2 3 4 Ready to renounce pavement and fibre optics, we wanted to be among people whowouldshowushowtolivemoregentlywithourland. EversincetheexploitsofpilgrimauthorsandadventurerslikeReinholdMessner andEdmundHillary,Nepal hasbeenautopiawherelifemaybedecisivelychanged. Thisisaweightyobligationforanyplacetofulfil. Whenour planelanded, DominiqueandI grabbedour bagsandataxi. Soonwewerejoltingthroughthedusty, swarmingstreetstowardtheheart of Kathmandu.Wesawsomany shrines that the city seemed like one large temple. Flowers, worshippers andgarbage were everywhere. Nepalese slogged through the compost and cellophane,speakingthewordsof devotion. Plasticbagsfloatedinthefoul trickleofsewagethatisKathmandu’s sacred river, the Baghmati, where people sprinkled themselves with itnonetheless.TherewasnodoubtthattheNepaleseareextremelyreligiouspeople. Thecity’svoltageexhaustedus. Hornsblared; vehicleshurtledpast at ourelbowsandrickshawscut usoff bystoppingsquarelyinourpathtooffertheirservices.Everywherea voice entreated us to stopandlook, tochangemoney, tobuyasweet mango. Menfell intopacewithus, askingabout ourvisitandourfamilies,chattingforawhilebeforelaunchingintoahardsell for ahotel or trekkingoutfit.Theywerethinmen,hungrywithlargeeyes, andtheysaidgoodbyereluctantly.Astreetwaif¹wantedtoshineourshoes.Hecalledafterusaswemovedawayuneasily. 10 15 20 5 6 Weescapedassoonaspossible, inajarringbusridetomountainsthatlaybeyondthehazeof thecity. Thiswasthereal reasonwewerehere: toexperiencetheAnnapurnaCircuit, the most popular trek in Nepal. The guidebooks had not prepared us for thecandy wrappers that speckled the trail along the river. A cluster of plastic bottlesspinning in the glacier melt appalled us. Rags, plastic slippers and cans littered thesand. “Why doesn’t someone burn the rubbish?” Dominique asked his guide. For us,the sight of the garbage conflicted with the symbolism of the monasteries but theNepalese did not share our sentiment or discomfort. Themountainshadalwaysbeenthere. The monasteries seemed as old as the land. These things needed neithervindication nor protection from the reality of garbage. Our separation of sacred andprofanedidnotseemtoapplyhere. As we gained altitude and distance, we had a hard time sleeping. This was partlybecausewewereheadedfor theThorungLaPass,whichisnearlyeightthousandfeet 25 30 35 AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

6 high. No one is confident about asafepassage. Timeandwater weretheonlythingsthat helped the acclimatisation process. The lack of sleep and oxygenexhaustedus.Thealtitudewascatchinguponme,dilutingmyconnectiontoreality.Headachesandasenseofunrealitydoggedmeintheafternoon. ¹ahomeless,neglected,orabandonedperson AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

7 SectionCText 4 In the article below, experts explain what greenwashing is and how consumers can protectthemselvesagainstit. ReadthearticlecarefullyandanswerQuestions15–22intheQuestionPaper. 1 Going green is good for business. Consumers are often willing to paymore for eco-friendlyproducts than other comparable products on the market, according to market research. Butnot all environmental claimsarecreatedequally. “Greenwashing” isaformof misinformationoften used to entice an aspiring green consumer. Companies promising to be sustainable,biodegradable, or environmentallyconscioussometimesfail tomeet thepromisestheymaketoconsumers. “It’sbasicallyjust aformoflying,”saysEllisJones,asociologistspecialisingingreenwashing. 5 2 Greenwashingcanbeasexplicit asanoutrightfalsehoodorasmurkyasastretchedtruth. Inthe U.S., the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulates green advertising at the federallevel, and has been filing lawsuits against companies who violate their environmentalmarketing guidelines since 1992. In recent years, the agency has stepped up efforts, filingsimilar suits against Walmart and Kohl’s for marketing rayon textiles as environmentallyfriendlybamboo, andVolkswagenfor lyingabout their cars’ fuel efficiency. Otherinstancesofgreenwashing are harder to discern. Take carbon offsets, for example. Tonegatetheir ownemissions, some companies send money to programmes like tree planting projects thattheoretically offset carbonpumpedintotheatmospherebyplantingmoretreestosuckit up.But drought and wildfires have destroyed some of these forests, and criticssay offsetsgivecompaniespermissiontocontinuepolluting. 10 15 3 Greenwashing is particularly common in the fashion industry, says Maxine Bédat, directorof TheNewStandardInstitute. Beingsustainableisthelatest trend, shesays, andawayforthe industry to attract consumers. “It is extremely prevalent. I think we’re at the apex ofgreenwashing in the industry. Consumer demand for sustainability is almost insatiable. It’sgood news. It means many consumerswant todotheright thing. Theproblemistheycan’talways tell what the right thing is. However, learning about greenwashingandhowit workswill helpconsumersavoidgivingtheirmoneytocompaniesmakingfalseclaims.Beingamoreinformedconsumeriscertainlypossible,”Bédatadds. 20 25 4 As more companies look to cash in on sustainable marketing, governments are alsobeginning to take more action to protect consumers. Since 2015, the FTChas takenactionagainst 21 companies in the U.S. for using misleading environmental marketing. Theyalso recently proposed two new regulations to regulate greenwashing in banking. In NewYork, abill called TheFashionAct wouldrequirefashioncompaniesoperatinginthestatetoabidebymarketingguidelines. 30 AnglicanHighSchool/PreliminaryExamination/2023/Sec4/EL/Paper2

8 5 Inthemeantime, expertshavetipsforhowconsumerscanspotpotential greenwashing.Oneway is to look for descriptions that specifically outline how a product is green instead ofchoosing products with words like “sustainable” and “natural” on their packaging. Whilenotfoolproof, certificationsgrantedbycrediblethirdpartiescanalsogiveconsumersconfidenceinaproduct’sgreenclaims. Jonessaysconsumersshouldalsolookoutforwhathecallsthe“green halo effect” of companies donating to environmental causes without changing howthey do business. “People should watch out for philanthropy. When companies are justfocusingondonations,they’rejusttryingtodistractfromwhatthey’redoing,”headds. 35 40 6 Another tip he offers is to purchase items with minimal or recyclable packaging. This is asmost companies using greenwashing tactics will still have their productsinanun