2024 BRD Sec4E Prelims QP Outbreak of WWII

HUMANITIES Paper 2 History Additional Materials: Humanities Writing Booklets 2261/02 August 2024 1 hour 50 minutes READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the writing paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer any two Questions. Write all your answers in the Humanities Writing Booklets provided. Answer each section in a new booklet. Begin each answer on a fresh page. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 50. Parent’s Signature: ________________________ This document consists of 6 printed pages, including this cover page. Name Class Index Number BROADRICK SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY 4 EXPRESS [HISTORY] PRELIMINARY EXAM 2024 For Examiner’s Use 50 Actual Grade: Target Grade:

2 Broadrick Secondary School Preliminary Exam 2024, Sec 4 E Humanities (Elective History) Section A (Source-Based Case Study) Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully , and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. How useful is this source as evidence of Hitler’s aim for Germany? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Source B. Are you surprised by the view expressed by Lord Halifax in Source B? Explain your answer. [5] (c) Study Sources C and D. How far does Source C prove that Chamberlain (Source D) was wrong about Hitler? Explain your answer. [6] (d) Study Source E and F. Do these two sources agree with one another? Explain your answer. [6] (e) Study all the sources. ‘Hitler alone is to be blamed for Germany’s road to World War II in Europe.’ How far do these sources support this view? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. [8]

3 Broadrick Secondary School Preliminary Exam 2024, Sec 4 E Humanities (Elective History) Is only Hitler to be blamed for Germany’s road to World War II in Europe? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. On coming to power in 1933, Hitler found it necessary to pursue a cautious foreign policy while consolidating his power at home. Between 1933 and 1935, Hitler had begun to undermine the armaments limitation clauses of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1937, Hitler stepped up the pace. The Hossbach Memorandum of November records a meeting between Hitler and his chiefs of staff in which Hitler stated that Germany must be prepared for war with the western powers, especially France, by 1942 -1943 latest. The policy that Britain and France adopted was appeasement even though they were aware of the potential threat posed by Hitler. However, on 3 September 1939, Britain and France declared war on Germany. World War II in Europe had begun. Is only Hitler to be blamed for Germany’s road to World War II in Europe? Source A: A British cartoon published in 1939 in a magazine, titled, "Germany shall never be encircled".

4 Broadrick Secondary School Preliminary Exam 2024, Sec 4 E Humanities (Elective History) Source B: A diary entry by a British politician, Henry Channon, 1937. Channon’s diary entry is referring to Lord Halifax’s first visit to Nazi Germany in November 1937. Lord Halifax was one of Britain’s most senior politicians. I had a long conversation with Lord Halifax about Germany and his recent visit. He told me he liked all the Nazi leaders, even Goebbels, and he was much impressed, interes ted and amused by the visit. He thinks the regime is absolutely fantastic, perhaps even too fantastic to be taken seriously. But he is very glad that he went, and thinks positively of the leadership. Source C: An online extract from a historical website on Hitler’s foreign policy and his road to war. At the meeting, Hitler discussed his plans for foreign policy in the years ahead. Here, according to Hossbach*, Hitler stated that the time for a war for Lebensraum** was near. Hitler declared that the primary targets for this desired ‘living space’ were A ustria and Czechoslovakia. The question, Hitler stated, was not if, but when and how. Hitler also identified a time frame in which the war for Lebensraum would ideally take place: 1943-45. At this stage, the Nazis believed that the German industry would be fully mobilised for war. Hitler declared that action could possibly take place before this date if other countries had internal problems that would make the war for Lebensraum easier. *Hossbach - The Hossbach Memorandum was a note compiled by Colonel Count Friedrich Hossbach of a secret meeting between Hitler and his top military and political leadership on 5 November 1937. **Lebensraum – living space Source D: An adapted extract from a historian’s account, published in 2012. Chamberlain was well aware that key members of the German elite felt that Hitler was tr ying to drive Germany into war. But when British Cabinet members discussed German foreign policy on 30 August 1938, they were less certain in their own view. Other intelligence – like the opinion of the British Ambassador to Berlin – Sir Nevile Henderson – argued against Hitler being determined to cause another European conflict. Even Chamberlain and his Foreign Secretary, Lord Halifax, simply couldn’t believe that a chancellor of Germany, and thus leader of a cultured European nation, could actually want another war.

5 Broadrick Secondary School Preliminary Exam 2024, Sec 4 E Humanities (Elective History) Source E: A cartoon published in the USA, October 1930. It shows Hitler (wearing a “Hitler Party” headgear) coming out of the paper roll of the Versailles Treaty. Source F: From the Programme of the German Workers’ Party, February 1920 1. We demand the union of all Germans, on the basis of the right of the self-determination of peoples, to form a Great Germany. 2. We demand equality of rights for the German people in its dealings with other nations, and abolition of the Peace Treaties of Versailles and Saint-Germain. 3. We demand land and territory (colonies) for the nourishment of our people and for settling our surplus population.

6 Broadrick Secondary School Preliminary Exam 2024, Sec 4 E Humanities (Elective History) Section B: Essays Answer two questions. 2 ‘The London Naval Conference, 1930 was the main reason that allowed the Japanese military to gain greater control of the government.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 3 ‘The Marshall Plan, 1947 , was the main event that escalated the cold war tensions between the superpowers in the 1940s.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 4 ‘The Tet Offensive, 1968, was the main reason that made the USA government lose popular support from its American public.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] - End of Paper - ___________________________________________________________________ Copyright Acknowledgements: Source A: https://www.loc.gov/item/2009631849/ Source B: http://www.adespicabletruce.org.uk/page59.html Source C: https://www.theholocaustexplained.org/life-in-nazi-occupied-europe/foreign-policy-and-the-road-to- war/ Source D: Rees, L. “Hitler's Charisma: Leading