NCHS Sec 3 EOY Elective History 2024 (with Answers)

Name: Register Number: Class: END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION 2024 SECONDARY THREE EXPRESS HUMANITIES (HISTORY) 2261/02 3 October 2024, Thursday 1 hour 50 minutes Additional Material: Writing Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. Write all answers on the writing paper provided. Please start your answer for Section B on a new sheet of paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work for Sections A and B separately. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total marks for this paper is 50. _____________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 6 printed pages including the cover page. For Marker’s Use

2 Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the message of this source? Explain your answer using details from the source and your contextual knowledge. [5] (b) Study Sources B and C. How similar are the two sources? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Source D. Why did the Soviet cartoonist publish this source? Explain your answer. [5] (d) Study Source E. How useful is Source E as evidence about Chamberlain’s reason for appeasement? Explain your answer. [6] (e) Study all the sources. ‘The signing of the Munich Agreement in 1938 was worthwhile for Britain .’ How far do these sources support this view? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. [8]

3 Was the signing of the Munich Agreement worthwhile for the British? BACKGROUND INFORMATION The policy of appeasement was a diplomatic strategy employed by Britain, particularly under Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, during the 1930s, in response to the rising aggression of Nazi Germany. The main goal was to avoid conflict by giving in to Adolf Hitler’s demands in hope of maintaining peace in Europe. Some historians blame the outbreak of World War II on the adoption of this policy. They believe that if Britain and France had stood up to Hitler when he first started to violate the terms of the T reaty of Versailles, war could have been avoided. In particular, Chamberlain’s decision to give in to Hitler’s demands for the Sudetenland region in Czechoslovakia by signing the Munich Agreement on 29 September 1938 was criticised for emboldening Hitler. However, some argued that Britain was not in the position to confront Germany milita rily as World War I had weakened the Britis h economy significantly. They argued that the signing of the Munich Agreement allowed Britain to buy time to rearm. Hence, was the signing of the Munich Agreement worthwhile for the British? Source A: A cartoon of Neville Chamberlain travelling to Munich entitled ‘Still Hope’ published on 1 September 1938.

4 Source B: Source C: The flowers piled before 10 Downing Street * are very fitting for the funeral of British honour and the British Empire. I appreciate the Prime Minister’s love of peace. I know the horrors of war but when he returns from savings our skin from a blackmailer at the price of other people’s flesh, and waves a piece of paper with Hitler’s name on it, it was awful. Has our Prime Minister forgotten so utterly, the Reichstag Fire, the Occupation of the Rhineland, and the fall of Austria? With this agreement, we have lost the courage to see things as they are. *The official residence and office of the British Prime Minister Source D: A radio broadcast by Chamberlain on 27 September 1938. This broadcast was made one day before Chamberlain arranged to meet with Hitler. How horrible, fantastic, incredible, it is that we should be digging trenches and trying on gas masks here because of a quarrel in a far-away country between people of whom we know nothing! I would not hesitate to pay even a third visit to Germany, if I th ought it would do any good…. Armed conflict between nations is a nightmare to me; but if I were convinced that any nation had made up its mind to dominate the world by fear of its force, I should feel that it must be resisted. But war is a dreadful thing, and we must be very clear, before we embark on it. A letter from a British soldier who fought during World War I to a popular British newspaper on 4 October 1938. A Soviet cartoon published shortly after the Munich Agreement. It shows Daladier and Chamberlain pointing Germany towards Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Daladier was the French Prime Minister.

5 Source E: The English people realise that we are in no position to enter light-heartedly upon war with such a formidable power as Germany, much less if Germany was sided by Italy. They know that France, though her army is strong, is desperately weak in some vital spots… Therefore … until our armaments are strong we must adjust our foreign policy to our circumstances. Source F: Dear Sir, never before have I written to my Member of Parliament but the present cynical encouragement of Nazi aggression, the dismemberment* of a democratic state to “appease” the appetite of a warlike state forces me to add my voice to those who in the country are amazed and disgusted at the depths to which British policy has sunk. The present government’s policy can only strengthen Fascism in Europe, throw the small nations into the arms of Hitler, weaken France and finally leave an isolated Britain, without a friend in the world to face the then formidable Nazi monster. *dismemberment – the act of tearing apart or dividing up something. Extract from a letter from Chamberlain to a family friend in the USA on 16 January 1938. Adapted from a letter written to Winston Churchill, an opposition Member of Parliament, in October 1938, by one of his constituents.

6 Section B: Essays Answer two questions. 2 ‘The Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 3 ‘Hitler’s oratorical talent was the most importa nt reason leading to the rise in popularity of the Nazi Party.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 4 ‘The Japanese military government’s ability to ensure the population’s loyalty to the state was ma inly due to its control of Japanese thought and education .’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] - End of Paper - Copyright Acknowledgements: Source A https://magazine.punch.co.uk/image/I0000t3bopsdGcZw Source B https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191826719.001.0001/q-oro-ed4- 00002794 Source C F. L. Lucas, “The Funeral of British Honour”. Manchester Guardian 4th October 1938, p.7. Source D https://www