RI Japanese Occupation Lesson 4 Resistance and Opposition

RESISTANCE AND OPPOSITION • Force 136 • Dalforce (pre-war) • MPAJA • Selarang Barracks Incident • Operation Jaywick • Double Tenth Incident

SELARANG INCIDENT 30 Aug 1942

OPERATION JAYWICK (SEPT 1943) & RIMAU (OCT 1944) • Operation Jaywick: • The Allies, 14 men led by Maj Ivan Lyon successfully bombed 7 out of 20 ships in Singapore harbour. • Sailed out from Australia under disguise of Japanese fishing trawler • Not suspecting an Allied attack; • Led to reprisal against local civilians leading to the Double Tenth Incident • Operation Rimau: • Replication of the same mission • 21 men led by Maj Ivan Lyon, successfully sunk 3 ships. • Mission was compromised as their cover was blown when their ship was met with a Japanese patrol. • 10 members were captured and executed.

RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS • Malayan People’s Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) • Hid in the Malayan jungles and carried out attacks on Japanese soldiers • Tried to stir up anti-Japanese feelings among the people by distributing newspapers and organising gatherings • Majority Chinese recruits • Provided with weapons and training by the British • Force 136 • Secret organisation set up by the British to gather information about the Japanese and organise sabotage activities • Trained in India and sent secretly into Malaya to help the MPAJA • Lim Bo Seng was one of its leaders • Ordinary Civilians • Elizabeth Choy • Imprisoned in a tiny cell with other prisoners • Subject to brutal beatings, electric shock, water torture, starvation diet

STORIES OF COURAGE Elizabeth ChoyLim Bo Seng

LIM BO SENG MEMORIAL

JAMES BOND BEFORE HE WAS COOL THE ORIGINAL BOND LAI TECK

OCCUPATION AMBIGUITIES “We were all, of course, terribly pro- Allies and all definitely anti- Japanese. But it’s a matter of manifesting your feelings. You know, being reasonable about it, being realistic about it and being cautious about it… The thing was to keep quiet about it; keep your feelings pent up… What else could you do? How could you say no to these masters who had come and occupied Singapore?” - Dr Farleigh Oehlers

OCCUPATION AMBIGUITIES “I explained to him what was at the back of my mind---the formation of a Chinese organisation to cooperate with the Japanese Imperial Army. That would appear on the surface to be the objective. But the real objective would be to protect the Chinese community.” “I did not bother to find out if those asking for passes were good citizens or bad hats. My only concern was to help as many people as I could in this confusion. The passes read: ‘The bearer of this pass is a good citizen. Please look after him and protect him, and let him go about his business without hindrance.’” - Shinozaki Mamoru

THE BEGINNING OF THE END • Battle of Coral Sea • First Japanese setback • Battle of Midway • Turning point • 1944: Re-invasion of the Philippines • Kamikaze pilots • Mar 1945: Battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa