Victoria School (VS) HSS S4 WA1 and answers

1 Class Register Number Name VICTORIA SCHOOL WEIGHTED ASSESSMENT ONE SECONDARY FOUR READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Answer Questions 1 and 2. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. HUMANITIES (HISTORY) 25/S4WA1/HI 2025 Term 1 Week 6 50 mins VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL

2 Section A: Source-based Case Study Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the message of the source? Explain your answer. [4] (b) Study Sources B and C. How far does Source B make you surprised by Source C? Explain your answer. [6] The Berlin Blockade BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. The Berlin Blockade was a significant event during the early Cold War years, lasting from 24 June 1948 to 12 May 1949. The Soviet Union blocked all land and water routes into West Berlin. The Allies saw the blockade as an attempt by Stalin to force the Allies out of West Berlin. This was in contrast to the Soviets seeing the need for the blockade as it responded to the formation of the Bizonia in 1947 between the British and the Americans, the Trizonia in 1948 when France was added and the introduction of the Deutsche Mark by the Allies. The Soviets claimed that the actions of the Allies were in clear violation of the agreements made at the Potsdam Conference Study the sources to find out whether the Soviet Union was provoked to take a tough stance in Berlin.

3 Source A: A British cartoonist’s illustration of the formation of the Bizonia, 1 August 1946. Source B: A message on the situation in Germany, broadcasted through Soviet radio network, 3 March 1948. The German air is filled with Soviet tears for Germany’s plight. Every tear carries a reproach against the imperialist American monster which mutilates the Fatherland. Germany is like a battlefield, strewn with hands, arms and parts of bodies, while the blood was shed in the sand. It is the United States which is solely responsible for blocking Germany’s unification. The United States wants Germany to be torn apart in order to build up Western Germany’s economic potentiality and create there, in the heart of Europe, a military base of American imperialism. The real cause of the trouble in Trizone is the pro-German stance of the policy leading to economic chaos and grave political consequences, not only in Western Germany but throughout Western Europe.

4 Source C: A note by the Soviet Government to the Governments of Great Britain, the USA and France, on the Berlin situation, 3 October 1948. It is necessary to declare that the responsibility for the situation that has arisen in Berlin rests squarely with the Governments of Great Britain, the USA and France. The Government of Great Britain, together with the Government of the USA, began a policy of dividing Germany with separate economic unification of the American and British zones of occupation of Germany in 1946. The operation of this policy joined by France in Western Germany, separated from the rest of Germany, is increasingly leading to a growth of influence of anti-democratic and Nazi elements who are responsible for the previous aggressive policy of German imperialism and who have not given up their strivings for revenge. These are a threat not only to neighbouring countries but also to the security of the peoples of the whole of Europe. Source D: A message from an American diplomat in Germany, to President Truman, 25 June 1948. Russian efforts to drive the Western powers from Berlin are a crucial challenge to American Foreign Policy. Surrender would deliver to Russian vengeance, two million Germans who have defied communist totalitarianism. There are disturbing rumours of plans to evacuate because of the Russian Blockade in Berlin. Essential supplies for the German population can be delivered by air and if necessary, must be at whatever cost. We urge you to make this country’s position unmistakeable by declaring that under all circumstances short of war, we will remain in Berlin and maintain supplies for the civilian population. Nothing less can adequately reassure democratic forces in Germany and elsewhere, that this country will not desert them. Section B: Essay Answer the question. 2 ‘The main reason Japan was defeated in World War II was because the Americans had more resources.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] End of Paper

5 1a. Study Source A. What is the message of the source? Explain your answer. [5] L1 Misinterpretation of sources [1] Blames the USSR for being suspicious / Praise the West for their cooperation L2 Sub-message [2] - The message of the source is to show that USSR was unhappy/suspicious - UK and US are working well together L3 Valid Message [3-4] Eg. The message of the source is that the West was responsible for Stalin’s wariness of the Western powers. This can be seen from the source as both Britain and America were merging their zones together. This means that Stalin would begin to be wary of the Western powers as the merger would mean both countries coming together to face USSR, leaving USSR outnumbered. Eg. - The west were the ones that triggered Stalin’s retaliation when they merged their zones together. - Formation of Bizonia is likely to escalate Cold War tensions in Europe - To criticize the formation of Bizonia - Stalin did not approve of the creation of Bizonia and is likely to take action against the West. Message of the cartoonist is to warn the west against actions that will trigger a retaliation from Stalin. Answer showing disapproval and worsening relations (b) Study Sources B and C. How far does Source B make you surprised by Source C? Explain your answer. [6] L1 Answers based on undeveloped provenance [1-2] Source B does not make me surprised by Source C because both seem to give a similar impression about the Berlin crisis as both are Soviet sources. L2: They disagree, Source B makes me surprised about C [3] Source B makes me surprised by Source C because they are different on who was tearing Germany apart. Source B merely blames the USA but Source C blames the West as a whole including the French and the British. Source B makes me surprised by Source C because they different on the impact of the actions of the West. Source B believes that actions of the West would create economic chaos. Source C suggests that actions of the West would lead to rise of Nazism again in Germany. L3 They agree, Source B does not make me surprised about C 【4】 Source B does not make me surprised by Source C because they agree that actions of the West had negative impacts on Germany and Europe as a whole. Source B suggests that the actions of the US were not motivated towards helping Germany, as it states, ‘The United States wants Germany to be torn apart in order to build up Western Germany’s economic potentiality an