dojo study club kinematics and reactivity series summary sheet

The Periodic Table Trend across a period Number of protons increases Atomic radius decreases Trend down a group Number of electron shells increases Atomic radius increases Properties of elements in a period Same number of electron shells Gradual change in properties Properties of elements in a group Same number of valence electrons Similar reactivity Alkali Metals Transition Elements Halogens Noble Gases v standard qn 1

Special Groups Group I elements are called alkali metals as they react with water to give alkaline solutions. Displacement Reactions: A more reactive halogen is able to displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its ions. The solution will turn reddish brown due to the aqueous bromine produced. Physical Properties Soft and easily cut Low melting and boiling point Low density Good conductors of electricity and heat Shiny and silvery in color Trends Down the Group Melting and boiling points decrease Reactivity of Alkali Metal increase Physical Properties Colored non-metals Exists as diatomic molecules Low melting and boiling points Trends Down the Group Reactivity decreases

Special Groups All noble gases have a fully filled valence shell. Noble gases are unreactive and inert since they have a stable electronic configuration. They exist as mono-atomic particles (single atoms). Physical Properties Do not conduct electricity (lack of charge carriers) Very low melting and boiling points Increasing melting and boiling points going down the group Increasing densities of noble gases going down the group Physical Properties High MP High density Good electrical and thermal conductors Form coloured compounds Key Property: Transition metals can exhibit multiple oxidation states. Hence, they are frequently used as catalysts. For example, Iron is used in the Haber process to produce ammonia.

Reactivity Series Please Stop Calling Me A Cute Zebra, I Like Hot Cute Sexy Girls/Guys Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Carbon Zinc Iron Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold Steam Cold Water Step 1: Draw a line under Calcium Step 2: Draw a line under Lead This shows the metals that can react with Cold Water and Steam.

Reactions A more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from its compound. This is because the more reactive metal can lose its electrons more easily to form cations. Metal Displacement CuO + Mg -> MgO + Cu From this, we can deduce that Mg is more handsome than Cu, because it can steal Cuʼs girlfriend and form MgO. Cu + MgO -> no reaction The other way round, since Cu is less handsome than Mg, it canʼt steal his girlfriend and hence there is no reaction. Thermal Decomposition Cu²⁺ + Mg -> Cu + Mg²⁺ Represented in an Ionic Equation, The more reactive the metal, the more thermally stable its Carbonate is.

Extraction Extraction Methods: Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Carbon Zinc Iron Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold Heating w/ Carbon Electrolysis All you need to understand is that me