2025 DHS Paper 1

1 Name: Index Number: Class: DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL Preliminary Examination Year 6 Economics (Higher 2) 9570/1 Paper 1 Case Study Questions 15 September 2025 2 hours 30 minutes No Additional Materials are required READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Answer all questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 9 printed pages including this cover page. [Turn over

2 Question 1: The market for electric vehicles Figure 1: Projected global sales of vehicles (2018 – 2030) Source: Electric Vehicle Outlook 2025, BloombergNEF.com, 20 July 2025 Extract 1: The manufacturing process for electric vehicles Electric vehicle production combines traditional car assembly with advanced electrical systems. The process starts with design and engineering such as battery layout, motor placement, and chassis structure. Manufacturers then produce battery packs by assembling lithium-ion cells with cooling systems, whilst creating electric motors and other electronics. During assembly, workers build the vehicle body, then install the electric drivetrain, battery pack, and interior components like seats and infotainment systems. After assembly, each vehicle undergoes quality control, software calibration, and testing including charging tests and range verification. Source: Adapted from imarcgroup.com, 20 July 2025 Extract 2: Electric vehicle market in Norway Electric vehicles (EVs) are pretty much everywhere you look in Norway. The wealthy Nordic country, which is known for its massive oil and gas reserves in the North Sea, has long been blazing a trail in the transition away from internal combustion engine cars. A steady stream of measures to support the uptake of EVs, from tax exemptions to reduced fees, has now put the country on the cusp of completely erasing internal combustion vehicles from its new car market. It is perhaps no surprise then that standing at a crosswalk in Oslo’s city center means waiting for a near-constant stream of fully electric models to come to a stop. “It is very visible. And I think some people do not even really realize how good this is because it has happened quite fast,” Christina Bu, secretary general of Norway’s EV Association

3 said. “The air is cleaner, it is quieter, and this is a change that hasn’t really cost consumers that much,” Bu said. Norway’s sales of EVs have increased from less than 1% of total auto sales in 2010 to 88.9% last year — and this trend doesn’t show any sign of slowing. “Norway has had strong policies for many years to encourage EV adoption. It is not just about value added tax1 exemptions for E