2025 CJC Prelim P1 MARK SCHEME

Catholic Junior College JC2 Preliminary Examinations Higher 2 GEOGRAPHY 9173/01 29 August 2025 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An Answer Booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Write your Centre number, index number and name on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES. Section A Answer both questions. Section B Answer two questions, one from each cluster. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages.

MARK SCHEME 2 Section A Answer both questions Cluster 1 Development, Economy and Environment 1 Resource 1 shows a map of BYD Electric Vehicle (EV) production plants around the world and their annual production capacity (thousands of units). Resource 2 shows the EV sales by continent. Resource 3 shows the major Chinese EV and EV battery manufacturing investments in Europe. EV batteries are crucial components in EVs. Resource 4 shows miners at a cobalt cleaning site in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Cobalt is a crucial component in EV batteries. (a) Explain the influence of labour characteristics on TNC’s locational decisions. Award 1m for each explanation. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. • Skilled labour tends to attract investment of higher -value production parts of the TNC, such as that of research and development or high-end manufacturing. [1] • This is because of the need to undertake very skilled work in these areas, including managerial and precision work. [+1] • Low waged labour tends to attract low -end production, or manufacturing parts of the GPN because of profit -maximisation aims of TNCs. [1] • For example, since 1950s, there was a widespread shift of low - end manufacturing to LDCs in East Asia, while today, this shift has spread to Latin America. [+1] • Machinery and technology have allowed low-end production to be taken on by unskilled labour in LDCs. [+1] • The strength of the labour union might discourage TNC investment because of their ability to push for higher wages or go on strikes. [1] • Strong unions with high incidence of strikes is disruptive to TNC production and this is not attractive to TNCs. [1] AO1 [5] (b) With reference to Resource 1, describe the location and production capacity of main BYD EV production plants around the world. Award 1m for each description. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each description , where applicable