2025 EJC Prelim P1_SMG

EUNOIA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examination 2025 General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 H2 GEOGRAPHY Suggested Marking Guide 9173/01 02 September 2025 3 Hours This document consists of 10 printed pages.

Section A Answer both questions. Cluster 1: Development, Economy and Environment 1 Resource 1 shows the inward flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) globally from 2007 to 2019. Resource 2 shows the changes in employment by sector in China from 1952 to 2019. Resource 3 shows Chinese electric vehicle company Build Your Dreams (BYD)’s sales volume and manufacturing plants around the world in 2023. (a) Describe two ways to measure sustainable development. [4] Award 1 mark for each description of how sustainable development could be measured. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each description. Award a maximum of 2 marks for description on one way to measure sustainable development only. Possible responses include: • One way of measuring SD is to use a common set of social, economic and environmental indicators since SD is about the development across these various dimensions. [1 mark] This set of indicators could include “unemployment rate”, “air quality” and “crime rate” and the aggregate response from these indicators would provide an indication of whether SD has been achieved. [1 additional mark] • Another way to measure SD is to examine whether its dimensions such as economic growth is sustained over the years, through Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). [1 mark] For instance, by looking at SDG8 on decent work and economic growth and comparing how its indicators such as “ GDP per capita growth rate” as well as “unemployment rates” vary over the years, it is possible to measure whether SD has been achieved. [1 additional mark]. • Another way of measuring SD is to measure the extent to which its dimensions vary across the world by looking at for instance social inclusion varies across and within countries. [1 mark] This can be examined through various SDGs such as SDG4 which looks at inclusive and quality education for all, and SDG5 on gender equality. [1 additional mark] (b) Using Resource 1, describe the changes in inward flows foreign direct investment (FDI) from 2007 to 2016. [4] Award 1 mark for every description of changes in inward flows of FDI from 2007 to 2016. Award maximum 1 additional mark for further development of each description. Possible responses include: • Generally, most countries seem to have experienced up to 500% increase in inward FDI from 2007 to 2016. [1 mark] • Developing regions such as South America, Africa and Asia generally experienced greater percentage of increase in inward FDI as compared to the more developed areas such as United States, Australia and United Kingdom . [1 mark] Most of these developing regions experience 500% increase in inward FDI