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Editing Practices (Guided) Use the Error Type for Questions guide below each practice to help you check that you are identifying the right errors for each line. Train your mind to look out for the errors purposefully, instead of simply following your ‘gut’ or thinking that ‘it sounds right’. FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRACTICE, THE FORMAT FOR THE GUIDED EXERCISES IS DIFFERENT FROM THE O LEVEL EDITING SECTION. Editing Exercise 1 Carefully read the text below, consisting of 12 lines, about shark attacks. The first and the last lines are correct. For each line, there is one grammatical error in each line. If there is NO error in a line, put a tick ( ) in the space provided. ✓ If the line is incorrect, circle the incorrect word and write the correct word in the space provided. The correct word you provide must not change the original meaning of the sentence. Because there are no natural enemies of sharks, they have little reason to fear anything that they come in contact with on the water. As top of the food chain 1 predators, they are naturally curious about anything that they ran into that they 2 aren’t familiar with, and while they obviously have no hands to explore 3 something with, the only way they can get a feel for the new object are to bite. 4 While such a bite may not be intended to kill the target, sharks have incredible 5 powerful jaw which can make the bite deadly. Sharks do not attack a human with 6 the express purpose of getting the easy meal. The digestive system of a shark 7 works extremely slow, and it is difficult for sharks to digest the high ratio of human 8 bone that is contained within a person. They is also not worth the effort to try to 9 strip the flesh from the bones of a human ― it is too time consume and difficult to 10 manoeuvre the prey with no way to hold it safe with the mouth. [10] Error Types for Questions 1. preposition 2. tense 3. conjunction 4. subject-verb agreement 5. word form 6. number 7. article 8. word form 9. pronoun 10 verb form

. Editing Exercise 2 Carefully read the text below, consisting of 12 lines, about a report on a traffic incident. The first and the last lines are correct. For each line, there is one grammatical error in each line. If there is NO error in a line, put a tick ( ) in the space provided. ✓ If the line is incorrect, circle the incorrect word and write the correct word in the space provided. The correct word you provide must not change the original meaning of the sentence. A double-decker bus ended up on the wrong side of the road after its driver suffers a dizzy spell and drove against traffic along Yio Chu Kang Road towards 1 Serangoon Central on the morning of 7 July. Many videos of the incident was 2 circulated on social media, which showed the SBS Transit buses stationary in the 3 middle lane and facing traffic. Its windscreen appeared badly damaged, though 4 its front bumper was scratched and broken. The green metal rod appeared to be 5 stuck in one of the cracks on the windscreen. The bus captain had suddenly felt 6 dizzy, causing the bus to veering from its path and end up on the other side of the 7 road. The SCDF responded to the incident and dispatched an ambulance at the 8 scene. Since the incident, the bus captain was taken to the hospital in a 9 consciousness state and is currently undergoing tests. He had been certified fit to 10 drive after his annual medical review last month. [10] Adapted from: http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/transport/driver-injured-after-accident-involving-double- decker-bus-along-yio-chu-kang Error Types for Questions 1. tense 2. subject-verb agreement 3. number 4. conjunction 5. article 6. preposition 7. verb form 8. preposition 9. conjunction 10 . word form

Editing Exercise 3 Carefully read the text below, consisting of 12 lines, about Helen Keller — a deafblind author. The first and the last lines are correct. For each line, there is one grammatical error in each line. If there is NO error in a line, put a tick ( ) in the space provided. ✓ If the line is incorrect, circle the incorrect word and write the correct word in the space provided. The correct word you provide must not change the original meaning of the sentence. Helen Keller's improbable journey from being a frustrated deafblind child unable to communicate, to her exalted place in the world stage as the famous global citizen 1 she would become, is one of the greatest story of the 20th century. An illness at 2 19 months of age leaves her deaf and blind. She had a difficult childhood due to 3 her multiple disabilities, and her life turned around when she met Anne Sullivan, 4 her instructor and companion. Helen led a full life dedicate to tireless advocacy 5 and fearless activism that opened wide the doors of possible and hope for people 6 with disabilities. Therefore she was outspoken in her principles, she inspired 7 changes in public attitudes about the capability of people with visual impairments. 8 As she pushed for revolutionary changes in a law, people with disabilities were 9 able to transit into mainstream education and employment. Helen Keller inspires 10 future generations of people with disabilities to live life to the fullest. [10] Adapted from http://www.afb.org/section.aspx?SectionID=1&TopicID=129 Error Types for Questions 1. preposition 2. number 3. tense 4. conjunction 5. verb form 6. word form 7. conjunction 8. number 9. article 10 . tense

Editing Exercise 4 Carefully read the text below, consisting of 12 lines, about the effects of global warming on polar bears. The first and the last lines are correct. For each line, there is one grammatical error in each line. If there is NO error in a line, put a tick ( ) in the space provided. ✓ If the line is incorrect, circle the incorrect word and write the correct word in the space provided. The correct word you provide must not change the original meaning of the sentence. Polar bears are the world’s largest land predators, and the most majestic creature of the Far North. But dramatic changes, caused by global warming, is 1 …………… taking place in the Arctic, threatening the survival of these spectacular species. 2 …………… Global warming is melting the polar ice caps, robs the bears of the ice floes 3 …………… they need to hunt preys. As the annual sea ice melts, polar bears are forced 4 …………… ashore to spend their summers fasting. Although the Arctic ice cap continues to 5 …………… melt sooner and form lately, polar bears will become too thin to reproduce and 6 …………… they will become extinct by the end of this century. The polar bear’s homes – the 7 …………… Arctic – was experiencing the effects of global warming more than any other 8 …………… place. Temperatures in the Arctic is rising at almost twice the rate of that of 9 …………… the rest of the world, and it is threatening to place the entire Arctic ecosystem at 10 …………… jeopardy. [10] Adapted from http://www.naturecanada.ca/climate_change_polar.asp Error Types for Questions 1. subject-verb agreement 2. pronoun 3. verb form 4. number 5. conjunction 6. word form 7. number 8. tense 9. subject-verb agreement 10 . preposition

Editing Exercise 5 Carefully read the text below, consisting of 12 lines, about Special Olympics. The first and the last lines are correct. For each line, there is one grammatical error in each line. If there is NO error in a line, put a tick ( ) in the space provided. ✓ If the line is incorrect, circle the incorrect word and write the correct word in the space provided. The correct word you provide must not change the original meaning of the sentence. From a backyard summer camp for people with intellectual disabilities to a global movement, the Special Olympics has been change lives and attitudes for more 1 than four decades. It all began in the early 1960s, where Eunice Kennedy Shriver 2 saw how unjustly and unfairly people with intellectual disabilities are treated. She 3 also saw that many child with special needs did not even have a place to