SASS EGeog Tectonic Hazards Pt5

St Andrew’s Secondary School Geography Unit Topic: Living with Tectonic Hazards Name: ________________________________________ ( ) Class:_______ Date: __________ Practice Question 1 (a) Study Fig. 1 which shows the world’s distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes. Fig. 1 Describe the world’s distribution of volcanoes as shown in Fig. 1 and explain why earthquakes are also found in areas where there are active volcanoes. [6] (b) Study Fig. 2 (Insert) which shows the Sumatran Fault and the Sunda Trench and Fig. 3 which contains a description of the Seismo-Tectonics of the Sumatra Region.

Fig. 2 Seismo-Tectonics of the Sumatra Region The plate boundary southwest of Sumatra is part of a long tectonic collision zone that extends over 8000 km from Papua in the east to the Himalayan front in the west. The Sumatra-Andaman portion of the collision zone forms a subduction zone megathrust plate boundary, the Sunda- Java trench, which accommodates convergence between the Indo-Australia and Sunda plates. This convergence is responsible for the intense seismicity and volcanism in Sumatra. Fig. 3 With reference to Figs. 2 and 3, describe and explain the formation of the volcanoes and Sunda trench in Sumatra. [5] (c) With the aid of diagram(s), describe and explain the formation of tsunami. [6] (d) ‘Pollution is the most devastating impact caused by volcanic eruptions.’ How far do you agree? Explain your answers with relevant examples. [8]