SASS EGeog Tourism Gateway 2

Subject: Geography Topic: Global Tourism Gateway 2: Why has tourism become a global phenomenon? _____________________________________________________________________________________ In what ways is tourism changing? Trends in the global tourism industry • New patterns in tourism have developed and will continue to develop in the future - People can and want to travel further to destinations that were once considered unreachable - Nature and purpose of tourist travel have evolved • The trends can be in terms of destination, country of origin or tourist dollars in areas of: – International tourism – Domestic tourism • International tourism International tourist arrivals from 1950 to 2010 Before the 1980s: - Most of the tourist destinations were in developed regions, such as Europe and North America - Developed regions received 96% of all tourist arrivals in 1950 and 81% in 1980 After the 1980s: - Asia Pacific has shown an impressive growth in tourist arrivals - Asia Pacific has overtaken the Americas and Europe and become the second most visited region and the fastest growing region for international tourism Since the 1980s, international tourism has become increasingly diverse in its origins and its destinations with the Asia Pacific region has increased in popularity as a tourist destination • Domestic tourism • Has grown along with international tourism • Continues to be the most popular form of tourism • Worldwide in 2010: - 83% of all tourist arrivals were domestic tourism - 69% of all overnight stays in hotels represented by domestic tourism • Examples of countries where domestic tourism is important: - The Philippines World Europe Asia Pacific The Americas Middle East Africa

o International tourism receipts: US$3.2 billion o Domestic tourism receipts: US$22.9 billion • China o In the Lunar New Year, many employees take a break from work for up to two weeks o The Chinese often visit friends and relatives and go sightseeing • Evolution of mass tourism to niche tourism • Growth of tourism since the 1950s has allowed tourism to evolve into different forms • Transporation systems can now travel much faster while carrying more people, e.g. aeroplanes, buses, ships • The development in transport gave rise to mass tourism and long-haul destinations • Growth in income has led to the demand for niche tourism, which offer special-interest activities rarely offered in mass tourism • Has evolved into different forms: - Mass tourism - Package holidays - Niche tourism • Different forms of tourism classified in terms of distance: - Short-haul destinations - Long-haul destinations 1. Evolution of mass tourism to niche tourism: Mass tourism Mass tourism: Travel that involves numbers of tourists visiting a particular place t _ • Takes the form of a p holiday • Increased a and l time are factors that lead to mass tourism • For example: A group of tourists following