1st Law of Thermodynamics 2017 Student

Specific Heat Capacity Ideal Gas 1st Law & Thermal Processes Latent heat – Melting, Vaporization, Kinetic Theory Gas Laws, Equation of State Constant Volume, Pressure, Temp., Adiabatic, Cyclic Processes Temperature Scales Absolute vs empirical, Kelvin Scale Coversion between scales Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Internal Energy      

3 Cyclic Process: U=0 Constant Volume: Isochoric, v=0 Constant Pressure – Isobaric, P=constant Constant Temperature: Isothermal, T=0, U=0 Adiabatic Process: q=0 First Law of Thermodynamics

4 Engage

Demo- Focus on the idea of Pressure and Volume changes 5

6 Retrieve P V T1 PV= nRT P = RT(1/V) Y = k (1/ x) Where k = RT T2 When T increases, the curve shifts away from the origin

7 1St Law Of Thermodynamics • What is conservation of energy? • What is internal energy? • How to increase the internal energy? Essential Questions

1st Law of Thermodynamics The increase in the internal energy of a system is the sum of the work done on the system and the heat supplied to the system. Increase in internal energy of the system, U = Heat supplied to system, q + Work done on system, w U = q + w Why use “increase” instead of “change” in internal energy? Lecture Notes Pg 39 In words: In word equation In equation

9 U = q + w The first law of Thermodynamics also shows the conservation of energy. Lecture Notes Pg 39

Explanation of Heat Heat is the thermal energy transferred from one system to another due to a temperature difference. 200 oC 20 oC 2000 J A B q Lecture Notes Pg 39