RJC_2008 History H1 and H2 P1

RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2008 HISTORY 8814 9731/01 Higher 1 Higher 2 12 September 2008 Paper 1 International History, 1945 – 2000 3 hours COVER SHEET 2 READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and CT class on this cover sheet and all the work you hand in. Indicate the question numbers attempted in the space provided on the cover sheet. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work and this cover sheet securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. : Name : CT class For Examiner’s Use Only Question No. Marks 1 TOTAL

3 Section A: The United Nations and Global Affairs, 1945-2000 You must answer Question 1 THE UNITED NATIONS AND BOSNIA 1 Read the sources, and then answer the question Source A Through the UN Mission in Bosnia Herzegovi na the United Nations has demonstrated its ability to complete a complex mandate in accordance with a strategic plan and within a realistic and finite time frame. UNMIBH has completed the most extensive police reform and restructuring project ever undertaken by the United Nations. UN Secretary-General, Kofi Annan, 2002 Source B Russia, the traditional ally of the Serbs, has blocked a weak Security Council statement criticizing the Serbs for their attack on t he United Nations-declared "safe areas’ in eastern Bosnia, and for their expulsion of Muslims and Croats from their homes in northern Bosnia in a new round of "ethnic cleansing." After two days of debate, Security Council members were unable t onight to agree on a statement condemning the Serbs. Russia objects to the phrase "ethnic cl eansing," which has been used by the Serbs themselves to describe their campaign of terrorizing non-Serbs into fleeing. Instead, Moscow pressed for a more general condem nation of "violence and terror" that could apply to all groups in Bosnia. Taken from an article in the New York Times published April, 1994. Source C The Council then adopted the draft resolution under discussion as resolution 824 (1993), by which it declared that Sarajevo, and othe r towns [with Bosnian Moslem populations] should be treated as safe areas by all the parties concerned and should be free from armed attacks and from any other hostile act. It also declared that in the safe areas the following should be observed: (a) The immediate cessation of armed attacks or any hostile act against the safe areas, and the withdrawal of all Bosnian Serb mil