IJC_2008_H2Hist_Prelim2_Paper 2

INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2 in preparation for the General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 CANDIDATE NAME CLASS INDEX NUMBER HISTORY Paper 2 History of Southeast Asia, c1900-1997 Additional Materials: Answer Paper 9731/02 8 September 2008 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1 . Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, answers for Section A and Section B should be faste ned separately . Section B should be fastened with a cover page. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 4 printed pages. Innova Junior College [Turn over

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. ASEAN AND REGIONAL UNITY 1 Read the sources, and then answer the question whic h follows. When answering Question 1 candidates are advised to pay particular attention to the interpretation and evaluation of the Sources both individually and as a group. Source A Weaknesses and tensions have been exposed in ASEAN as a result of its enlargement and the economic crisis in East Asia. Some members of the group, notably the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia, are raising hu man rights issues in other ASEAN countries that were previously regarded as strictly the internal affairs of the nation concerned. ASEAN countries vary greatly in size, sy stems of government and levels of economic development. Burma, Laos and Vietnam - whi ch shunned ASEAN during the Cold War - joined in the past few years and remain staunchly authoritarian. The economic crisis and ASEAN's enlargement - which will be comp lete when Cambodia joins at a special ceremony in Hanoi on April 30 - are both co ntributing to the group's tarnished image and current weakness. A news article from the International Herald Tribune dated 14 th June 1999. Source B In military matters, the ASEAN nations have been en tering into bilateral arrangements with the United States on their own in the so-calle d war against terrorism. Analysts, who were once taken up with ASEAN’s aim of setting up a Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN), have been left shaking their h eads in despair as the sole superpower engages in military exercises and bilate ral military cooperation in the region. Such ASEAN disunity – or rather abdication of its r ole – has undermined the grouping’s original ideal of securing a region free of superpo wer interference. Worryingly, it has also allowed the United States to re-establish a significant foothold in the region. A report published in Asia Times, an onlin