TPJC_H2_History_Paper 2

TAMPINES JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 Preliminary Examinations 2008 HISTORY H2 9731/02 PAPER 2 History of Southeast Asia c.1900-1997 Additional materials: Answer paper DATE 19 August 2008 TIME 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. At the end of the examination, arrange the papers in sequence and fasten all your work securely together. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES All questions in this paper carry equal marks. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. _____________________________________________________________________ This question paper consists of 4 printed pages [Turn over]

2 Section A You must answer Question 1 ASEAN AND THE CAMBODIAN CONFLICT Source A The settlement of the Cambodian conflict, one of the most important chapters in the history of ASEAN diplomacy took place during the conflict. The ASEAN sponsored resolution at the UN General Assembly, which called for a durable and comprehensive political settlement in Cambodia, received consistent support from the international community. With Indonesia as the interlocutor (mediator), ASEAN maintained its dialogue with all parties to the conflict. This eventually led to the Jakarta Informal Meetings (JIM I and II) at which the four Cambodia factions discussed peace and national reconciliation. The process proved to be protracted, requiring the help of many states and the United Nations. It extended to the early 1990s, culminating in the 19-nation Paris Conference on Cambodia which was chaired by France and Indonesia. Excerpt from ASEAN Secretariat website, http://www.aseansec.org/92.htm. Source B ASEAN learned a great deal from its concerted opposition to Vietnam’s invasion of Cambodia. It members discovered the diplomatic benefits of being part of a larger organization, and it grew considerably as an institution. The habits of cooperation and consultation became an ingrained part of ASEAN process. However, ASEAN ran solidly into its own limitations. Its ability to affect regional security was constrained by the parameters set by great powers. ASEAN needed to call on outside support in order to be an effective and credible opposition to Vietnamese aspirations. In the end, even the extent to which ASEAN itself was a coherent organization is questionable. The ASEAN states’ common interest in opposing Vietnam was strained by conflicting perceptions of long-term regional security and their own economic and political interest. Thailand diplomatic about- face, in many ways, undermined the process of consultation and consensus. ASEAN did not emerge from