ACJC 2009_H1_HIST Prelim P1

- 1 - ANGLO-CHINESE JUNIOR COLLEGE Preliminary Examinations JC2 H I S T O R Y 8814/01 Paper 1 International History, 1945-2000 20 August 2009 3 hours Additional Materials: Writing Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your class, index number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer four questions. You must answer Question 1 (Section A) and three questions from Section B. Begin each question on a fresh sheet of paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 4 printed pages. [Turn over] © ACJC 2009 8814/01/Preliminary Exams/09

- 2 - Section A You must answer Question 1. The UN and Nuclear Disarmament 1. Read the Sources and then answer the question. Source A The prolifer ation of all weapons of mass destruction constitutes a threat to international peace and security. The members of the [Security] Council commit themselves to working to prevent the spread of technology related to the research for or production of such weapons and to take appropriate action to that end. On nuclear proliferation, they note the importance of the decision of many countries to adhere to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and emphasize t he integral role in the implementation of that Treaty of fully effective IAEA 1 safeguards, as well as the importance of effective export controls. The members of the Council will take appropriate measures in the case of any violations notified to them by the IAEA. From a note by the President of the Security Council, 31 January 1992 Source B The UN’s enforcement function is perhaps the hottest item of the day. Nuclear disarmament - or the NPT itself for that matter - has enjoyed decades without having to confront any serious breach of the treaty requiring enforcement actions. The Security Council had long shied away from the steps needed to achieve nuclear disarmament, even though Article 47 of the Charter authorized its Military Staff Committee to advise the Council on all questions relating to “the regulation of armaments, and possible disarmament.” Then came the Iraqi and the North Korean nuclear-weapons revelations. On Iraq, the Security Council took strong steps adopting the mandatory Resolution 687 2