DHS_H2_HIST_P2

` DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL Year 6 Preliminary Examination 2009 ______________________________________________________________________ HISTORY 9731/02 Paper 2 History of Southeast Asia c1900-1997 17 Sep 2009 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper Cover Page ______________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 4 printed pages. [Turn over

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. ASEAN AND REGIONAL SECURITY Read the Sources and then answer the question. Source A Since 1967 no ASEAN member has engaged a f ellow ASEAN member in major armed confrontation. ASEAN was also instrumental in bringing the decade -long Vietnamese - Cambodian conflict to the negotiating table in 1989 and in reaching a peace agreement in 1991. Vietnam, then seen as an obstacle to regional stability, is now a valued member of the organization. Finally, as the Cold War ended, it was ASEAN which provided the platform for building broader regional institutions that would engage a rising China and other major players in East Asia. Without ASEAN 's neutral facilitating role, China might not have joined the ASEAN Regional Forum, established in 1994 as East Asia's only official multilateral security forum. ASEAN commands attention and respect from regional organizations in other parts of the develop ing world. It acts as the hub, if not the leader, of regional multilateral forums for East Asia. The fact that the region's most powerful players -- including China, India, and the United States -- show deference to ASEAN by participating in these forums demonstrates that ASEAN still matters. Extract of an article published during the 40th anniversary of ASEAN Source B ASEAN had little influence over either Vietnam or China, or the conflict between them, and was unable to offer Vietnam any incentive for a withdrawal of forces without the cooperation of China or the Soviet Union. ASEAN contributed to the resolution adopted by the International Conference on Kampuchea of Jul y 1981 and developed the phased withdrawal in 1983. ASEAN, in this sense, assumed a valuable international role in taking the diplomatic lead in the dispute and in defining possible solutions which at some later stage may acquire international endorsement. Nonetheless, the passing of unimplementable resolutions did little to maintain mora le within ASEAN when there was little serious expectation of a solution. The realizatio