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RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2017 YEAR 6 PRELIIMINARY EXAM HISTORY (REVISED) 9752/01 Paper 1: Shaping the International Order (1945 to 2000) September 2017 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your index number, CT group and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Answer each question on a separate sheet of paper. Write your name and civics class at the top of each new page of writing paper. Answer question 1 in Section A and TWO questions in Section B. It is strongly recommended that you spend approximately 1 hour 15 minutes in Section A. Begin every question on a separate sheet of paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 5 printed pages.

Section A You must answer Question 1. THE VIETNAM WAR Read the sources and answer the questions that follow. Source A Their objectives have been clearly spe lled out in captured documents – to destroy or subvert the GVN/ allied forces, eliminate the GVN governmen tal structure, create a general upri sing among the people, and establish a revolutionary government dominated by the National Liberation Front. In what appears to be an almost incredible miscalculation of their ow n military capabilities and degr ee of support they could command fro the people, the Communists failed to achieve these st ated objectives. It has cost them dear ly in manpower – in 12 days some 31000 killed, 5700 detained, probably another 10000 dead from w ounds, and unknown numbe r dead from air and military strikes – a total probably amounting to more than half of the forces sued in this attack. Central Intelligence Agency Report, ‘The Tet Offensive – A Plus or a Minus?’, February 1968. [GVN refers to Government of Vietnam, or South Vietnam] Source B As part of a nationwide wave of surprise attacks by the Communists during the Lunar New Year—the Tet holiday—the resulting six-hour battle wa s militarily inconsequential. In fact, in strictly military terms, the two- month struggle known as the Tet Offensive was a disast er for the attackers. It ended with the expulsion of the North Vietnamese Army and the souther n-based insurgent troops, known in the West as Vietcong, from each place they invaded. In the theater of public opinion in the United States, however, the attack s were a great success for the North Vietnamese. Brought into the living r ooms of Americans by new communicati ons satellites over the Pacific, scenes of the carnage, particularly at the embassy, severely damaged national confidence in the war policies of Pre