RI 2021 H2History Prelim P1

© Raffles Institution 2021 1 [Turn over RAFFLES INSTITUTION PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2021 General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 HISTORY 9752/01 Paper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945-2000) 15 September 2021 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your full name, class and index number on the answer booklet(s). Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. Use only the answer booklet provided and use both sides of the paper. This document consists of 6 printed pages.

© Raffles Institution 2021 2 [Turn over Section A You must answer Question 1. Soviet Policy and the End of the Cold War 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A Cartoon by a German on the collapse of the communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe published in 1991.

© Raffles Institution 2021 3 [Turn over Source B The Civic Forum is prepared to secure a dialogue between the public and the present leadership immediately and has at its disposal qualified forces [from] all areas of society, capable of carrying out a free and objective dialogue about real paths toward a change in the political and economic conditions in our country. The situation is open now, there are many opportunities before us, and we have only two certainties. The first is the certainty that there is no return to the previous totalitarian system of government, which led our country to the brink of an absolute spiritual, moral, political, economic and ecological crisis. Our second certainty is that we want to live in a free, democratic and prosperous Czechoslovakia, which must return to Europe, and that we will never abandon this ideal, no matter what transpires in these next few days. The Civic Forum calls on all citizens of Czechoslovakia to support its fundamental demands by the demonstration of a general strike declared for Monday, 27 November 1989, at noon. Whether our country sets out in a peaceful way on the road to a democratic social order, or whether an isolated group of Stalinists, who want at any price to preserve their power and their privileges disguised as empty phrases about reconstruction will conquer, may depend upon the success of this strike. Vaclav Havel, leader of the Civic Forum, in The Declaration of the Civic Forum on 23 November 1989. Source C Of course, radical and revolutionary changes are taking place and will continue to take place within individual countries and social structures. This has been and will continue to be the case, but our times are making corrections here, too. As you ponder all this, you come to the conclusion that if we wish to take account of the lessons of the past and the realities of the present, if we must reckon