NJC_H2_HIST_P2_QP

1 NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGE 2018 SH2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION HIGHER 2 HISTORY 9752/02 Paper 2 The Making of Independent Southeast Asia 28 August 2018 (Independence – 2000) 3 Hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your index number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. Please start each question on a new piece of paper, and label your answers clearly according to the question number. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. At the end of the examination, fasten your scripts securely into FOUR separate sets: - Section A Q1a) - Section A Q1b) - Q2 or Q3 - Q4 or Q5 Tie the Cover Page to Section A Q1a). The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This question paper consists of 5 printed pages

2 Section A ASEAN’S POLITICAL EFFECTIVENESS 1. Read the sources and answe r the questions which follow. Source A Apart from nationalist sent iments and legal arguments put forth in support of their claims, the positions of China, Viet nam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam are driven by strategic consider ations. Indonesia is not a claimant to any of the land features, but initiated a series of “Workshops for managing Potential Conflict in the South China Sea”. The first workshop took place in 1990, with the participation only of the then- six ASEAN members, which agreed that China had to be involved if the workshops were to have any meaning and effect. To keep tensions down and foster mut ual confidence, and to reassu re China that the South China Sea issue was not being “internationa lized”, the workshops were presented as non-official. Meanwhile, in a number of international forums, the ASEAN countries, working together, succeeded in ge tting support for the ASEAN positions, specifically the 1992 ASEAN Declaration on the South China Sea. China however stated that while it agreed wit h the “principles” underlying the declaration, it could not adhere to it, as China was not involved in the drafting of the document. An extract of a book by a Filipino ex- ASEAN Secretary-General, published in 2006. Source B A major challenge facing ASEAN is whether it can replicate its record in conflict management in the Cambodian conflict in the larger South China Sea dispute, to limit great power competit ion and intervention in Southeast Asia. Like the Cambodian conflict, the South China Sea di spute is not an intra-ASEAN dispute. Unlike the Soviet-backed Vietnam in the 1980s, China, the main non-ASEAN party to the dispute, is an em erging superpower. While the Cambodian conflict was mainly a political matter, the South China Se