PJC_H2_HIST_P1

Candidate's Name: __________________________ CT Group: _________ PIONEER JUNIOR COLLEGE H2 HISTORY JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2018 H2 9752/1: Shaping the International Order (1945-2000) DATE: 13/09/2018 (THU) TIME: 1400–1700 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. Start each answer on a new piece of paper. Write in dark blue or black ink. If you use more than one sheet of paper, fasten the sheets together. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. Information to candidates: You are reminded of the need for grammatically correct English and clear presentation in your answers. For official use Question No. Full Marks Marks Obtained 1 (a) /10 1 (b) /30 /30 /30 TOTAL: 100

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3 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR AND THE MARSHALL PLAN 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A The Cold War grew out of a complicated interaction of external and internal developments inside both the United States and the Soviet Union. The external situation − circumstances beyond the control of either power − left Americans and Russians facing one another across prostrated Europe at the end of World War Two. Internal influences in the Soviet Union − the search for security , the role of ideology, massive post-war reconstruction needs, the personality of Stalin − together with those in the United States − the need for self-determination, fear of Communism, the illusion of omnipotence fostered by American economic strength and the atomic bomb − made the resulting confrontation a hostile one. Leaders of both superpowers sought peace, but in doing so yielded to considerations, which, while they did not precipitate war, made resolution of differences impossible. Excerpt from a book by historian John Lewis Gaddis, published in 1972. Source B I should say there were conflicting feeli ngs. Molotov was willing to agree to discuss the question. He understood the Soviet Union needed help. In his reply he noted that reconstruction was everyone’s main aim, and the United States’ offer of help should be welcomed. Stalin, with his suspicious nature, didn’t like it. ‘This is a ploy by Truman. They don’t want to help us. What they want is to in filtrate European countries,’ he said. But Molotov insisted on his view and went to the Paris Conference in 1947. Stalin, meanwhile, received information that the Americans did not want us to take part. Stalin became even more suspicious and moved to st op the countries friendly to us taking part. Vladimir Yerofeyev, a senior Soviet official who worked as a translator in the Soviet Foreign Ministry at the time of the Marshall Plan, interviewed