EJC_H2_HIST_P2

EUNOIA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examination 2018 General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 HISTORY Paper 2 The Making of Independent Southeast Asia (Independence to 2000) 9752/02 20 September 2018 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, civics group and question number on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Write your answer to each question on a fresh sheet of paper. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. Start each answer on a fresh sheet of writing paper. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 [Turn over Section A You must answer Question 1. EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ASEAN WAY 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A While adherence to the principle of non-interference is not exclusively an ASEAN trait, ASEAN puts a higher premium on it than other regional groupings… There are some roles ASEAN is better equipped to play than others. For example, it was well-suited to playing a coordinating role in the delivery of humanitarian aid in the wake of Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar. But when violence broke out in Myanmar's Kokang special region in August 2009, it was Beijing, with its direct interest in stopping the flow of refugees, who intervened to stop it. Most fighting in Myanmar that leads to refugees spilling into Thailand goes unnoticed by ASEAN. Despite the organization's most recent role on the Thai-Cambodian border, there is not even a limited agreement among the parties-least of which from Myanmar itself-that there is a role for ASEAN in this issue. Extract from an article on redefining the ASEAN Way published in 2011 by the International Crisis Group. It is a US-based independent NGO working to prevent wars. Source B The fact is that the theory of regionalism is caught in a kind of contradiction – the effort to reconcile the theory of regionalism with the practice of nationalism. The problems of regional cooperation are primarily those deriving from our efforts to reconcile two apparently contradictory attitudes. It is this which gives the appearance of ambiguity and even deviousness to the regional policies of ASEAN. The immediate concern of Southeast Asian countries is not regionalism but how long the component parts of Southeast Asia can survive even as nation states. ASEAN cannot allow its member states to intervene in the affairs of another given that the major preoccupation in the area is how to preserve the integrity of the new nation states created less than two decades ago. From a speech by S. Rajaratnam, S