EJC_H2_HIST_P1

EUNOIA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examination 2018 General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 HISTORY Paper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945-2000) 9752/01 13 September 2018 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, civics group and question number on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Write your answer to each question on a fresh sheet of paper. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. Start each answer on a fresh sheet of writing paper. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 [Turn over Section A You must answer Question 1. THE END OF BIPOLARITY 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A Both Pope John Paul II and President Ronald Reagan were convinced that Poland could be broken out of the Soviet orbit if the Vatican and the U.S. committed their resources to destabilising the Polish government and keeping the outlawed Solidarity movement alive after the declaration of martial law in 1981, … and if Poland became democratic, other East European states would follow. "Solidarity was the very weapon for bringing this about, because it was an organisation of the labourers of Poland." Nothing quite like Solidarity had ever existed in Eastern Europe, Reagan notes. Until Solidarity's legal status was restored in 1989 it flourished underground, supplied, nurtured and advised largely by the network established under the auspices of Reagan and John Paul II. Yet in 1982 neither Reagan nor the Pope could antic ipate the accession of a Soviet leader like Mikhail Gorbachev, the father of glasnost and perestroika; his efforts at reform unleashed powerful forces that spun out of his control and led to the breakup of the Soviet Union. In July 1988, Gorbachev visited Warsaw and signalled Moscow's re cognition that the government could not rule without Solidarity's cooperation. On April 5, 1989, the two sides signed agreements legalising Solidarity and calling for open parliamentary elections in June. Time magazine cover story on the alliance between Ronald Reagan and the Catholic Church, 24 June 2001. Source B Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe. We hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and openness. Some political prisoners have been released. Certain foreign news broadcasts are no longer being jammed. Some economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state control. Are the