NJC_H2_HIST_P2_Question

1 NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGE General Certificate of Education Advanced Level SH2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2016 HISTORY 9731/02 Higher 2 Paper 2 30 August 2016 History of Southeast Asia, c.1900-1997 3 Hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and registration number in the space provided on the answer paper. Write in dark blue or black ink. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. Please start each answer on a fresh sheet of paper, and label your answers clearly according to the question number. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. Please place the cover sheet in front of your examination script. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. This question paper consists of 4 printed pages.

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF ASEAN IN A POST-COLD WAR WORLD 1. Read the sources and then answer the question. Source A WE, the Foreign Ministers of the member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations; EMPHASISE the necessity to resolve all sovereignty and jurisdictional issues pertaining to the South China Sea by peaceful means, without resort to force; […] URGE all parties concerned to exercise restraint with the view to creating a positive climate for the eventual resolution of all disputes; RESOLVE, without prejudicing the sovereignty and jurisdiction of countries having direct interests in the area, to explore the possibility of cooperation in the South China Sea relating to the safety of maritime navigation and communication An excerpt taken from the ASEAN Declaration on the South China Sea, signed in Manila, Philippines, 22 July 1992 Source B ASEAN security concerns in the post-Cold War era stretch beyond the Southeast Asian region and involve the behaviour and intentions of powers such as China. The kind of regional order that ASEAN has struggled to maintain within Southeast Asia requires an effort to influence major actors and security conditions outside the region. This, indeed, is a task for which ASEAN is ill-equipped to assume. The [...] termination of the Cold War has resulted in a less predictable environment in which the support of key actors over issues that affect it cannot be taken for granted. Th e point of contact between China and Southeast Asia is the South China Sea, an issue whose outcome will define the region's relationship with its more powerful neighbour. The hope is that China can be engaged in a dialogue with ASEAN and other affected states through which it would become aware of their v