RI_H2_HIST_ P1_QP

Copyright. Raffles Institution, Paper 1 International History Preliminary Examination 2016 RAFFLES INSTITUTION Year 6 Preliminary Examinations 2016 HISTORY 9731/01 Higher 1 and Higher 2 September 2016 Paper 1 International History, 1945-2000 3 hours COVER SHEET Name : CT class : Question No. For Examiner’s Use Only Marks 1 TOTAL

Copyright. Raffles Institution, Paper 1 International History Preliminary Examination 2016 RAFFLES INSTITUTION Year 6 Preliminary Examinations 2016 HISTORY 9731/01 Higher 1 and Higher 2 September 2016 Paper 1 International History, 1945-2000 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and CT class on the cover sheet and all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Indicate the question numbers attempted in the space provided on the cover sheet. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work and the cover sheet securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 5 printed pages, including the cover sheet.

RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2016 3 Section A The United States and the Bosnia Crisis. You must answer Question 1. Source A Secretary-General Kofi Annan laid out in a somber, self-critical report today the tragic story of how the United Nations allowed the Bosnian Muslim ''safe area'' of Srebrenica to be overrun in July 1995 by Bosnian Serbs, who then systematically killed thousands of the town's men and boys. The fall of Srebrenica became a damaging symbol of the United Nations' failure at peacekeeping in a new era of civil wars, and it demonstrated the inadequacy of a system that allowed political considerations to colour military decisions when troops were under the command of the United Nations. ''The tragedy of Srebrenica will haunt our history forever,'' the report concludes. The fall of Srebrenica and other towns that the Security Council had identified as safe areas, but then refused to authorize enough troops to defend, led four months later to the American-sponsored Dayton peace agreement and the introduction of a NATO-led international military force in Bosnia. New York Times, 1999. . Source B Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, in a ra re news conference, insisted Tuesday that NATO - and not the United Nations - is at the core of the hesitation over using punitive and strategic air strikes in Bosnia-Herzegovina. With this assertion, the Secretary-General sought to shake h