TJC_H2_HIST_P1_QP

Temasek Junior College 2016 [Turn over   TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 HIGHER 2   HISTORY 8814/01 Paper 1 International History, 1945 – 2000 9731/01 13 September 2016 3 hours   Additional Materials: Writing Paper   READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and CG on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the writing paper. Start each answer on a fresh piece of writing paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. All questions in this paper carry equal marks [25]. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear handwriting in your answer. This question paper consists of 4 printed pages.

2    Temasek Junior College 2016   Section A You must answer Question 1. THE UN, NATO AND PEACEKEEPING IN BOSNIA 1 Read the sources and then answer the question which follows. When answering Question 1 candidates are advised to pay particular attention to the interpretation and evaluation of the sources both individually and as a group. Source A Article 52 1. Nothing in the Charter precludes the existence of regional arrangements or agencies for dealing with such matters relating to the maintenance of international peace and security … 2. The Members of the United Nations entering into such arrangements or constituting such agencies shall make every effort to achieve pacific* settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or agencies before referring them to the Security Council. 3. The Security Council shall enc ourage the development of pacific* settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or agencies either on the initiative of the states concerned or by reference from the Security Council. Article 53 1. The Security Council shall, where appropriate, utilize such regional arrangements or agencies for enforcement action under its authority. But no enforcement action shall be taken without the authorization of the Security Council, … or until such time as the Organization may, on request of the Governments concerned, be charged with the responsibility for preventing further aggression… Article 54 The Security Council shall at all times be kept fully informed of activities undertaken or in contemplation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies… Extracts from Chapter VIII of the UN Charter, 1945 * pacific means peaceful Source B In theory, NATO airpower was intended to provide some enforcement for PROFOR. But in practice, disagreem