JJC_H1_HIST_P2_Qn

1    JURONG JUNIOR COLLEGE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2015   HISTORY 9731/2       Paper 2: History of Southeast Asia c1900‐1997    Tuesday                  15 September 2015 3 hours    READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST 1. Answer four questions. 2. You must answer Question 1 (Section A), and any three questions from Section B. 3. Enter the questions attempted in the table below. 4. Begin each question on a new sheet of paper. 5. At the end of the examination attach the cover page to the front of your answer scripts 6. Fasten all your work securely together. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES All questions in this paper carry equal marks. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers.   NAME:    CLASS:            This question paper consists of 4 printed pages (including this page)

2    Section A You must answer Question 1. REGIONAL COOPERATION IN ASEAN 1 Read the sources and then answer the question. When answering Question 1 candidates are advised to pay particular attention to the interpretation and evaluation of the sources both individually and as a group. Source A In the first place, the partnership spirit is not fully developed. Some parties seek to take more than to give. Indeed, some of them do not hesitate to reduce their allotted share in projects, which, in their opinion, would not immediately bring the highest return, and thus they leave the burden to other members. In fact, it is common practice at many meetings, to fight for selfish gains and advantages, not bearing in mind the general interest. Nevertheless, the most serious shortcoming of the present system resides in the lack of political will as well as the lack of trust and sincerity towards one another. Yet each and every one in their heart realises that the advantages of ASEAN benefit them all, and no one is thinking of leaving it. Excerpt by former Thailand’s Foreign Minister, Thanat Khoman, 1992. Source B The concept of the ASEAN Way was a most favourable institutional norm for the member states. The ASEAN Way could respect each me mber state’s sovereignty and independence while aiming not at solving but at containing intraregional conflicts among the member states over issues such as territorial disputes . This was realised because the member states perceived a common threat in communist insurgencies and potentially unstable regional security, and their first priority became state-building and development. Despite worries over the loss of sovereignty, ASEAN held together because if it were to fall apart, there would be both large destabilising regional security costs as well as the member states’ internal security costs. Therefore, in the initial stage, the ASEAN Way served as a diplomatic tool to pursue member states’ national interests. Excerpt by an academic on ‘The Normative Power of the ASEAN Way’, Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, 2010. Source C Malaysian officials vented their fr