CJC_H1_HIST_P1_QP

© CJC 2015 This paper consists of 4 printed pages. CATHOLIC JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2015 HISTORY 8814/01 9731/01 Paper 1 International History, 1945 - 2000 Monday, 24 August 2015 0800-1100hrs (3 hours) No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and home tutorial group on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Section A Question 1 is compulsory. Section B Answer any 3 questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES All questions in this paper carry equal marks. Start each answer on a fresh sheet of paper. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers.

© CJC 2015 This paper consists of 4 printed pages. Section A You must answer Question 1. THE UN SECRETARY-GENERAL IN THE COLD WAR WORLD 1. Read the Sources and then answer the question which follows. Source A Article 99 The Secretary-General may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security. Article 100 In the performance of their duties the Secretary -General and the staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any government or from any other authority external to the Organization. An extract from Chapter XV: The Secretariat of the UN Charter. Source B One factor figured strongly in each Secretary -General appointment: the Permanent Members of the Security Council took determining positions. Trygve Lie developed enemies as he tried out the limits of his new job. In the context of the Korean War, Moscow refused all contact with Lie and vetoed his reappointment . Despite the Assembly ’s success in extending Lie’s term, he resigned in 1953 as Soviet oppos ition meant he could no longer work effectively. Hammarskjöld’s prominence as a peacekeeper and his expansion of the scope of his office eventually led to another incident of Soviet opposition. Moscow accused him of partiality in the 1960 Congo operation. Hammarskjöld died in 1961, obviating the question of his reappointment. Nevertheless, the USSR proclaimed that it would have opposed Hammarskjöld’s candidacy and resumed its insistence on a “troika”. Kurt Waldheim assiduously promoted the idea that the Secretary-General should have an important role in broad international negotiations, such as those of the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, but had little decisive effect. He failed to be appointed to a third term, mainly because of opposition from China. Adopted from a book, The UN Secretary-General and Secretariat, 2005. Source C Speed was of the essence. The nearest available troops were the Austrian and Iranian conting