JJC_H1_HIST

[Turn over HISTORY Higher 1 8821/01 Paper 1 24 August 2018 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Section A You must answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. This document consists of 5 printed pages. JURONG JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2018

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A The American people desire a world in which a ll nations and all peoples are free to govern themselves as they see fit, and to achieve a satisfying life. Our people desire, peace on earth – a just and lasting peace. In pursuing these aims, the United States and other like-minded nations find themselves opposed by a regime with contrary aims and a totally different concept of life. That regime adheres to a false philosophy which claims to offer freedom and security. Misled by that philosophy, many peoples have sacrificed their liberties only to learn that poverty and tyranny, are their reward. Communism is based on the belief that man is so weak and inadequate that he is unable to govern himself. Democracy is based on the conviction that man has the moral and intellectual capacity to govern himself with reason and justice. Communism holds that the world is so widely divided into opposing classes that war is inevitable. Democracy holds that free nations can settle differences justly and maintain a lasting peace. I state these differences, because the actions resulting from the Communist philosophy are a threat to the efforts of free nations to bring about recovery and lasting peace. Since the end of hostilities, the United States has invested its substance and its energy in a great constructive effort to restore peace, stability, and freedom to the world. We have sought no territory. We have im posed our will on none. We have asked for no privileges we would not extend to others. Harry Truman’s speech to the American citizens, 20 January 1949. Source B The current policy of the American government with respect to the USSR is directed at limiting or displacing Soviet influence from our neighbouring countries. the US is supporting reactionary forces in former enemy and allied countries bordering the U SSR with the objec