2022 JC2 H2 Prelim CSQ1 (Suggested Answers).docx

Question 1: Medical Tourism Trends Extract 1:International Medical Tourism Market Growingdemandfor healthservicesis a globalphenomenon,linkedto economicdevelopmentthat generatesrisingincomesand education.Demographicchange,especiallypopulationageingandolderpeople'srequirementsformoremedicalservices,coupledwithepidemiologicalchange,i.e.risingincidenceofchronicconditions,alsofueldemandformoreandbetterhealthservices.Waitingtimesand/ortheincreasingcostofhealthservicesathome,coupledwiththeavailabilityofcheaperalternativesindevelopingcountries,hasledto newhealthcareconsumers,ormedicaltourists,to seektreatmentoverseas.Theinternationalmedicaltourismmarketis expectedto growbyUS$131.35billion by 2025, with an average annual growth rate of 20%.Source: National Library of Medicine, 8 May 2022 Extract 2:Technology Trends Artificial intelligenceHospitalsandagenciesarenowleveragingadcompaniesthatuseAIinordertotargetpotentialpatientsanywherein theworld.Thisincludespeoplewhoengagein orviewcontentontheinternetrelatedtomedicaltourismandmedicalprocedures.Withthegrowthof targetedadvertisementsonpeople’s internetbrowsersandsocialmediaplatforms,AIhas aided in increasing the number of medical tourists. TelehealthTechnologyhasenabledtheadvancementoftelehealth,wherehealthcareservicescanbedeliveredremotely. Telehealthcanrangefromthedigitaltransmissionofdiagnosticscanstovideoconferencingsessionsbetweenpatientsandphysicians.Healthcareis nolongerlimited by physical geography.Forpatientsseekinghealthservicesoversees,barrierstotreatmentplanningandbothpreandpost-operationconsultationshavebeenalleviatedbytelemedicine,wherepatientsareableto obtaintheprocedurein a foreigncountryandreceivefollow-upcareat home.Telehealthhasencouragedpatientsto obtainmedicalproceduresabroad,andvirtualcommunicationhasallowedforseamlesscaretotakeplace.Thisminimisessomeoftheconcerns of receiving health services abroad.Source: Medical Device Network, 15 Jun 2021 Table 1: Current expenditure on health (% of GDP): United States & South KoreaCountry 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021United States 16.8 16.6 16.7 18.8 17.8 * South Korea 7.1 7.5 8.1 8.4 8.8 * *ProjectedSource: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Extract 3: Effects of Medical Tourism 1

Medicaltourismcancontributetowidereconomicdevelopment,whichisstronglycorrelatedwithimprovedpopulationhealthstatusasawhole,e.g.increasedlifeexpectancy, reducedchildmortalityrates.Encouragingforeigndirectinvestmentinhealthcareinfrastructureandrelatedindustries(egpharmaceuticalandhospitality)andmedicaltouristinflowswithcorrespondentrevenuecancreateadditionalresourcesfor investmentin healthcare.Furthermore,medicaltourismmayslowor reversetheoutmigrationof healthworkers,particularly of specialists. However, unlessproperlymanagedandregulatedonthepolicyside,thefinancialbenefitsofmedicaltourismforhealthsystemsmaycomeattheexpenseofaccesstoanduseofhealthservicesbylocalconsumers.Governmentsandindustryplayerswoulddowelltorememberthathealthiswealthforbothforeign