MJC H2 ECON EQ1
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Text from the first pages2011 Pre China ha materia in recen Discuss t Introduc Develop DD for m upward new equ quantity Evaluati there is impact o China be due to t price; a prices Evaluati proporti price ine SS tog is exace Evaluati elastic. H substitu governm impleme improve into rela Develop metals elim H2 Essa as implemen ls used in the t years, espe the relative ction [Nature of m manufacture The burden and consum pment 1: Imp metal increa pressure on uilibrium rea y is depende ion: The incr rising incom on world dem eing one of t he policy be fall in SS, c.p price incre ion: An incre ionate increa elastic will re gether, beca rbated. ion: Howeve However, it i tes for rare e ment and the ented due to ement in tech axing this pol pment 2: Imp ay: Demand & nted a policy e production ecially in the impacts on c main good] R e of various of China’s m mers of the m pact on the m ses, SS for m price as p ched at E2 w nt on extent rease in dem me, these may mand for the the largest pr ing impleme p., will result ases by a lar ease in dema ase in price c esult in a mo ause of the re er, in the long is more likely earth metals eir reasons fo o concerns su hnology and licy in the F pact of chan & Supply to reduce pr n of X‐ray ma emerging ec consumers a Rare earth me goods such i move to cut S market and its market for r metal falls price increase where qty ss= t of shift. and may be y only be lim ese rare eart roducers of r ented. Overa in an increa rge extent and along a S compared to re than prop elatively pric g run, it is lik y for PED to s. For SS, it is or implemen uch as main discovery of e LR, it is like Figure 1. Mar ges in price 1 roduction of achines, iPho conomies. nd producer etals are a p iPhones and SS of rare ear s related ma rare earth m at original p es, qty ss inc = qty dd p to a smaller mited to certa h metals ma rare earth m ll an increas se in price SS curve that o fall in qty d portionate in ce inelastic D kely that bot change as co s really depe nting this pol sources of ra f more minin ly that chang rket for rare on producer f rare earth m ones and ligh rs due to the rimary prod light bulbs. rth metals w rkets. etals price P1, ther creases, qty d price increas extent as co ain emerging ay not be ver metals, will re e in DD, c.p., both shifts t is price inel d. Also, A fal ncrease in pr DD and SS cu h DD and SS onsumers ar ndent on the icy in the firs are earth me ng areas in fu ges in price w e earth meta rs and consu metals which ht bulbs. Inco above chan uct that is us ill lead to im re is a shorta dd decreases es from P1 t ompared to s g economies y significant esult in a larg , will result in s lead to a re astic will res ll in SS along ice compare rves, the larg are likely to e more likely e future actio st place. If th etals running uture may le will be less th ls umers of ma 08 h are importa omes have a nges. (25m) sed in the mpacts on pro age of QsQd s continue to P2, impact shift in supp only, theref . On the oth ger decrease n an increase einforced effe sult in a more g a DD curve ed to increase ge increase i be more pri y to find mor ons of China he policy is g out, the ead the gove han in the SR rket for rare ‐09‐2011 ant lso risen oducers es until t on ly. While fore er hand, in SS e in ect on e than that is e in qty in price ice re ’s rnment R. e earth
2011 Pre Con ipho Prod Imp the Imp chan not In th cons prod to co In th relat Com alth the Develop Con a FO Prod High prod How (i) PED elim H2 Essa sumers: Firm ones, light bu ducers: rare act of increa price increas act of fall in nges, depend be able to ra his case, the sumers' shar ducers burde onsumers he case of th tive elasticity mbining both ough the bu consumer pment 3: Imp sumers: hos OP ducers: Firm her rare eart ducers fal wever, wheth D The more pr the cost and PED for x‐ray required in h the higher c than propor hence produ In this case, Consumers' ay: Demand & ms that use r ulbs) e earth meta ase in DD se has nothin SS A fall ding on the r aise the price total burden re of the bur en is the P1P e market for y i.e. both pr h impacts rden is share overall, co pact on cons spitals, resea s who produ h metal pric ll in SS of fin her consume rice elastic th d the more p y machine<1 hospitals and ost of rare e rtionate fall i ucers are mo the total un share of the & Supply rare earth me l producers consumers ng to do with in supply wil relative elast e by a small o Figu n per unit of den is P1P2, P0, which is t r oil, we can rice inelastic the combine ed equally du nsumers of o sumers and p rchers etc. w uce x‐ray ma es increas al g&s ers or produc he dd for fina roducers wo 1 as x‐ray ma d research ce arth metals n qty dd r ore likely to l it burden is e e total burde 2 etals as a FO likely to bea h the increas ll result in hi ticities of de or large exte re 2 f rare earth m which is the the rest of th assume that c burden o ed effect of ue to fall in S oil will bear producers of who buy x‐ra chines that r se in cost of cers in the fin al g & s is rel ould bear the achines are g entres for wo by increasin revenue incr et consumer equal to the en is P1P2E2a OP (e.g. prod r the full bur se in the cost gher prices i mand and su ent metals is P0P e increase in he burden th t both dema of SS shift is s both an incre SS, the increa a greater bu f X‐ray Mach ay machines t require rare production nal g&s mark lative to SS, t e higher cost goods bough ork. Any atte g price of th reases pro rs bear the h increase in u a > producer ucers of X‐ra rden of an in ts of produce n the marke upply prod P2 due to a c price due to at producers nd and supp shared equa ease in DD a ase in DD shi urden in the hines that require earth metals at every p ket will bear the less cons t. t more due t empt by the e x‐ray mach ofits increase higher cost unit COP (eq 's burden of 08 ay machines, ncrease in pr ers et when SS ducer may o change in SS o the change s could not t ply are of the ally (P1P2 = P and a fall in S ifts more bu market for rare earth m s as a FOP price, less qty the cost dep sumers woul to necessity producer to hine will resu es, ceteris pa qual to P0P2) f P0P1ab. ‐09‐2011 , ice as S or may in SS ransfer e same P1P0) SS is that rden to oil metals as y SS by pend on: ld bear pass on ult in less aribus )
2011 Pre Incr Risin bett raise insti large Develop Con Prod High prod Whe the elim H2 Essa ease in dem ng affluence, ter healthcar e living stand itutions in er. pment 4: Imp sumers: peo ducers: Appl her rare eart ducers fal ether produc higher cost o The more co company to would more Even though iPhone, rece phones that The degree substitutes a Apple would switch to ch increase in C ay: Demand & Figure 3 B mand: Increas , especially in re services. A dards by imp ncrease dem pact on cons ople etc. who e company w h metal pric ll in SS of iPh cers or consu of to consum ompetitive th pass on the e likely bear t h Apple has h ent years hav t provide sim of competiti available d not be able eaper altern COP. & Supply Burden of in sing incomes n emerging e As these econ proving the m and for x‐ray sumers and p o buy iPhone who has som es increas hones umers will be mers which he market is higher rare the cost of h had a large h ve seen othe milar features on faced by PED>1. e to easily pa natives. Henc 3 ncrease in CO s may lead to economies m nomies cont medical servi y machines producers of es that requi me monopoly se in cost of ear the cost depends on for smartph earth metal igher oil pric head‐start in er companies s and also ha Apple is like ass on higher ce producers OP for X‐ray o increase in may lead to m inue to deve ices and incr consumer f iPhones re rare earth y power in th pr
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