2013 CJC H1 Geography Questions

1 CATHOLIC JUNIOR COLLEGE In preparation for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 1 GEOGRAPHY 8812/01 Paper 1 2 September 2013 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper Data Inserts World Outline Map READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your class and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. Data Inserts contains all Photographs, Table and Figures referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, you are to hand in each question separately. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Start each question on a fresh sheet of paper. You will hand in each question separately. This document consists of 6 printed pages. [Turn over]

2 Section A Answer all questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 1. Figure 1A shows some geomorphic features associated with landslides . Figure 1B shows factors that affect the risk of mass movements. (a) Compare the characteristics of debris flow and slump. [4] (b) Explain two hard measures that can be taken to prevent any two of the mass movements shown in Fig. 1A. [4] (c) With reference to Figure 1B, explain how geological factors can affect slope stability. [4] The Globalisation of Economic Activity 2. Figure 2A shows a proportional map of the world by Gross National Product (GNP) in 1998. Figure 2B shows the political map of the world. (a) Using Fig. 2A and 2B, identify the countries with the top 2 highest GNP in 1998. [2] (b) Using information from Fig. 2A and 2B, describe the pattern of GNP in the world in 1998. [4] (c) Suggest reasons that explain the difference in GNP of Mexico and the United States. [6] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 3 EITHER Figure 3A shows the location of Carlisle, a city in Northwest England. Figure 3B shows the areal ex tent of the flood which occurred on 8 January 2005. Figure 3C shows the hydrograph for River Eden near Carlisie in January 2005. (a) With reference to Fig. 3C, describe how the discharge of River Eden responds to storm events in January 2005. [4] (b) With reference to Fig. 3A-C, account for the 2005 flood. [4] (c) Explain two hard measures that can be taken to prevent flooding in Carlisle. [4]

3 Urban Issues and Challenges 3 OR Figure 4 shows the percentage of households with regular use of a car in Great Britain between 1951 and 2004. (a) Using Fig. 4 describe the changes in car usage in Great Britain between 1951 and 2004. [4] (b) Give reasons to explain the changes described in part (a). [4] (c) Explain how you would collect data in order to make recommendations to improve traffic congestion in the central business district. [4] Lithospheric and Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 4 EITHER Figure 5A shows a stretch of a channel in an alpine mountainous area. Figure 5B shows a stretch of a channel in North Yorkshire, NE England. (a) Describe the bedload in Fig. 5A and 5B. [2] (b) Explain why the nature of the bedload is different in both channels. [4] (c) Suggest how you would select study sites and measure discharge of the channel in Fig. 5B. [8]

4 The Globalisation of Economic Activity and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 OR Figure 6 shows the growth of total population in Mexico, urban population in Mexico and Mexico City’s primacy (as percentage of urban population) between 1950 and 2000. (a) With reference to Fig. 6 describe changes in urbanisation in Mexico between 1950 and 2000. [2] (b) Give reasons for the changes in Mexico City’s primacy (as percentage of urban population) between 1950 and 2000. [4] (c) Compare the trends in changes in total population with the trends of changes in the percentage of people living in urban areas in Mexico between 1950 and 2000. [4] (d) To what extent has globalisation affected the urbanisation trends in Mexico as shown in Fig. 6? [4]

5 Section B Answer one question from this section. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 5 EITHER (a) Using diagrams, explain how the Plate Tectonics Theory can explain the formation of fold mountains and mid-oceanic ridges. [9] (b) Discuss the role of climate in affecting the development of limestone landforms. [16] 5 OR (a) Explain how different weathering processes can lead to block and granular disintegration. [9] (b) Hazards caused by earthquakes are largely preventable. To what extent do you agree with this statement? [16] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 6 EITHER (a) Explain how channel form may be affected by variations in sediment size and load in the channel. [9] (b) The causes of floods are mainly due to natural factors. Discuss the truth of this statement in relation to examples. [16] 6 OR (a) How would landuse and climate influence the hydrologic cycle at the basin scale? [9] (b) Building of dams create more socio-economic, political and environmental problems than benefits. How far do you agree with this view? [16]

6 Section C Human Geography Answer one question in this section. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 7 EITHER (a) Compare the impact of the new international division of labour on the economic activities of countries in the world. [9] (b) Evaluate the role of the state in promoting economic development in less developed countries. [16] 7 OR (a) Explain how globalisation has led to changes in the tertiary sector. [9] (b) To what extent does the spatial distribution of transnational corporations affect economic development of countries in the world? [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 8 EITHER (a) Compare and explain urbanisation trends between developed countries and less developed countries. [9] (b) Assess the success of strategies used to manage housing problems in cities. [16] 8 OR (a) Using examples, explain the causes of socio-economic segregation in urban areas. [9] (b) Evaluate the need for and the success of urban regeneration of cities in developed countries. [16] [END OF PAPER]