MI H1 GEO

Class Adm No Candidate Name: This question paper consists of 6 printed pages and 2 Inserts. [Turn over 2015 Promotional Examination 2 Pre-university 2 GEOGRAPHY (HIGHER 1) 8812/01 31 Aug 2015 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper Inserts 1 & 2 World Outline Map READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, admission number and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer one question. Section C Answer one question. Inserts 1 and 2 contain all the Figures, Tables and Photographs referred to in the question paper. Insert 2 should be handed in together with your answer scripts. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 Section A Answer 4 questions in this section. Questions 1, 2, and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Lithospheric Processes and Hazards Management 1. Fig. 1 shows a selected list of recent earthquakes in the Asia-Pacific Region. (a) With reference to Fig. 1, describe the relationship between magnitude of earthquake and fatality. (b) The fatality caused by the earthquake in Eastern Szechuan, China is disproportionately higher than the one in Kuril Isl ands, Japan even though both earthquakes have similar magnitudes. Discuss why this may be so. [4] [8] The Globalisation of Economic Activity 2. Fig. 2 shows the percentage of total world manufacturing output in various countries across the years. (a) With reference to Fig. 2, describe the changing trends in world manufacturing output between 1960 and 2010. [4] (b) Account for the changing trends in worl d manufacturing output between 1960 and 2010. [6] (c) Explain what the Japanese government can do to reverse the decline in its global manufacturing production share. [2]

3 Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 3 EITHER Fig. 3 shows the plans and storm hydrographs of a drainage basin before and after a period of urbanisation. (a) Citing evidence from the data, comm ent on the changes to the storm hydrograph after urbanisation. [4] (b) Citing evidence from the data, acc ount for the changes to the storm hydrograph as a result of urbanisation. [4] (c) With the aid of diagrams, discuss two other factors that can account for the form of a drainage basin’s storm hydrograph. [4] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 OR Fig. 4 shows the Burgess Model. (a) On Fig. 4, annotate t he possible locations of i. new towns, using the letter ‘N’ ii. areas of gentrification, using the letter ‘G’ iii. new decentralised business parks, using the letter ‘B’. The complete sheet should be handed in with your answer script. [1] [1] [1] (b) Briefly explain the choice of each of the locations that you have annotated in (a) above. [4] (c) Outline how you would conduct fieldw ork and research to obtain the relevant data and information needed to investigate how and why the central city has changed in the past 30 years. [5]

4 Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management and Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 4 EITHER Fig. 5 shows the topographical map of area X (Latitude: 0.4°N). (a) Citing at least 2 pieces of evidenc e from the data, suggest the possible geology of the area. [3] (b) Explain the dominant weathering pr ocesses that could have shaped the landscape depicted in Fig. 5. [4] (c) Outline the likely characteristics of the hydrological cycle of this area, accounting for them with evidence from the data. [7] The Globalisation of Economic Activity and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 OR Fig. 6 shows a model of the post-industrial global city (a) Define ‘edge cities’. (b) Provide possible reasons for the locati on of affluent exclusive suburb area as shown in Fig. 6. [2] [3] (c) Explain two ways that the central city (CBD) may function as a ‘Global Command Centre. [5] (d) Suggest reasons for the decentralisation of the global city in Fig. 6. [4]

5 Section B Physical Geography Answer one question from this section. Each question carries 25 marks. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 5 EITHER (a) With the aid of diagram(s), define ‘ro ck cycle’ and explain how rocks change from one type to another. [9] (b) ‘Rock composition and rock structure are the main factors influencing the nature and rate of weathering.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? [16] 5 OR (a) Photograph 7A and 7B shows the occurrence of slope failures. Identify and describe the type of mass movement as shown in the two photographs, then compare the differences between the mass movements in both photographs. [9] (b) “In today’s context, the impact of natural hazards owe as much to human activities as to the forces of nature.” With reference to one specific tectonic haz ard of your choice, assess the validity of this statement? [16] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 6. EITHER (a) Outline the factors affecting river velocity and explain how they influence the river channel’s ability to do work. [9] (b) Using examples, explain how human activity in a drainage basin might alter stream flow and discuss the consequences that this might bring. [16] 6. OR (a) With the aid of an annotated diagram (s), describe and account for the key characteristics of a drainage basin hydrological cycle in the humid tropics. [9] (b) With reference to exampl es, discuss the issues behi nd the shared use of transboundary river basins. [16]

6 Section C Human Geography Answer one question from this section. Each question carries 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 7. EITHER (a) Outline some of the impacts of technology on the manufacturing industry. [9] (b) “Globalisation has created more winners than losers”. With reference to examples, discuss the validity of the statement. [16] 7. OR (a) Outline the main forces driving the growth of the service sector. [9] (b) “Globalisation has narrowed the development gap between the developed countries (DCs) and the less developed countries (L DCs).” With reference to examples, discuss the validity of the statement. [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 8. EITHER (a) Compare the nature of transport iss ues between developed (DCs) and less developed countries (LDCs). [9] (b) Assess the extent to which attempts to overcome housing problems resulting from rapid urban growth in LDCs have been successful. [16] 8. OR (a) With reference to Fig. 8, account for the variations in urban trends between developed and less developed regions. [9] (b) “Expanding the network of roads is the only realistically feasible solution to transport problems urban planners can use.” Assess the validity of this statement. [16] - End of Paper -