IJC Prelim H1 Geog

INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION in preparation for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 1 GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 Additional Materials: Writing Paper 1 Insert World Outline Map 8812/01 24th August 2016 3 hrs READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer one question. Section C Answer one question. The Insert contains the Figures, Photographs and Tables referred to in the questions. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and cl ear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten Section A separately from Sections B and C. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 6 printed pages, and 1 insert. Section A Innova Junior College [Turn over

Answer four questions from this section. Question 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 1 Fig. 1A shows the shake map of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, which occurred on 16 April, 2016 in the City of Kumamoto, Kyushu Prefecture, Japan. Fig. 1B shows the tectonic setting of Japan. (a) With reference to Fig. 1A, describe the variation in intensity of the shaking from the earthquake in the city of Kumamoto and the surrounding areas in Kyushu. [3] (b) Account for the occurrence of the Kumamoto earthquake using Fig. 1B. [4] (c) Imagine that you are a government official dealing with emergency preparedness in the city of Kumamoto. Explain how you would map draw up a hazard map of the Kumamoto region, identifying the areas of high and low risks. [5] The Globalisation of Economic Activity 2 Fig. 2A shows the number of employees in the toys and games manufacturing industry in China, India and Brazil. Fig. 2B shows an article in AsiaNews on China’s tainted toys. (a) With reference to Fig. 2A, compare the employment trend in the toys and games manufacturing industry for the 3 countries. [3] (b) List one impact of outsourcing. [2] (c) Using information from both Figs. 2A and 2B, and your own knowledge, suggest how the number of employees in the toys and games manufacturing industry would have changed by 2016. [7]

Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 3 EITHER Photograph 3A shows the Kissimmee River of Florida, USA in the 1980s. Photograph 3B shows the Kissimmee River after mitigation efforts in 2001. Photograph 3C shows the Kissimmee River after its restoration in 2010. (a) Explain 2 reasons why rivers flood. [4] (b) With reference to Photograph 3B, describe the strategy used and explain how it mitigates floods. [4] (c) Suggest reasons why there was a need to restore the Kissimmee River, as shown in Photograph 3C. [4] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 OR Table 1 shows the ICT Development Index for selected countries in 2011 and 2012. (a) State how the position of Australia has changed from 2011 to 2012. [1] (b) Using information from Table 1, describe how the ICT Development Index has changed between 2011 and 2012. [4] (c) Suggest reasons for the change you have described in 3(b). [7]

Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management and Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 4 EITHER Photograph 4A shows flood waters inundating a village in Xuancheng, in East China’s Anhu province, on July 7, 2016. Photograph 4B shows workers repairing a dam aged road hit by heavy rainstorms in Fangshan District in Beijing. Figure 4 shows an excerpt from an article describing the severity of the 2016 floods in China. (a) Explain the relationship between climate and floods. [3] (b) With reference to Photographs 4A, 4B and Fig. 4, describe the possible impacts of the 2016 floods on the physical and human environment in China. [6] (c) “Flooding of this magnitude was last seen in the country in 1998”. Evaluate the usefulness of this knowledge for future flood prediction. [5] The Globalisation of Economic Activity and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 OR Table 2 shows the performance of metropolitans in relation to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rates per capita and employment. (a) Define the term ‘metropolitan’. [2] (b) Describe the performance of the cities shown in Table 2. [5] (c) Suggest the challenges that might face the metropolitans in future. [7]

Section B Physical Geography Answer one question from this section. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 5 EITHER (a) Explain how changes to shear stress and shear strength can affect mass movement. [9] (b) Discuss the role of climate in the formation of surface and sub -surface limestone landforms. [16] 5 OR (a) With the use of examples, describe the differences between slide, heave and flow. [9] (b) To what extent is the level of development an integral factor in the success of strategies used to minimise the hazardous effects of volcanic eruptions? [16] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 6 EITHER (a) Define the following terms: drainage density; stream order; bifurcation ratio. Explain how they may be used to describe the characteristics of a drainage basin. [9] (b) To what extent are climate and vegetation the principal factors influencing the hydrological processes in a drainage basin? [16] 6 OR (a) With the use of hydrographs to illustrate your answer, explain how changes in land use within a catchment area from woodland to crop cultivation affects discharge. [9] (b) Using examples, explain how conflicts of interest can occur in the management of river basins. [16]

Section C Human Geography Answer one question from this section. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 7 Either (a) How useful is the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of economic development? [9] (b) With reference to examples, consider the extent to which the new international division of labour (NIDL) has been responsible for the global shift of economic activities in the world. [16] Or (a) With the use of examples, describe the characteristics of transnational corporations (TNCs). [9] (b) “The disappearance of a sense of responsibility is the most far reaching consequence of submission to authority.” Examine the role of the state in economic development. [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 8 Either (a) Outline the problems that result from traffic congestion in cities. [9] (b) Discuss to what extent the bid rent theory can be used to explain urban zoning in cities you have studied in both DCs and LDCs. [16] Or (a) Under what conditions do primate cities develop? [9] (b) Using examples, discuss the extent to which regeneration and re- imaging of cities counteract the decline of urban areas in DCs. [16]

INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION in preparation for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 1 GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 INSERT 8812/01 24th August 2016 3 hrs READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST This Insert contains the Figures, Photographs and Tables referred to in the questions. This document consists of 8 printed pages.