RI H2 GEOG P2 QP

1 RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2015 RAFFLES INSTITUTION Preliminary Examinations 2015 H2 GEOGRAPHY 9730/02 Paper 2 Human Geography Duration: 3 hours Additional material: Writing Paper Insert 1 World Outline Map (to be supplied upon request) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Section A: Answer all questions. Section B: Answer two questions, each from a different topic. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Insert 1 contains all the figures and tables referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together using the string provided. This document consists of 5 printed pages including this page

2 RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2015 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1 and 3 carry 12 marks each and Questions 2 and 4 carry 13 marks each. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1. Fig. 1 shows known and suspected routes of e -waste dumping. E -waste dumping refers to the exportation of discarded electrical and electronic devices (eg. TVs & computers) to overseas locations. (a) Identify the biggest exporter of e-waste based on Fig. 1. [1] (b) Describe the patterns as shown on Fig. 1. [4] (c) Suggest three possible reasons that could explain the globalisation of e-waste disposal. [7] Population Issues and Challenges 2. Fig. 2 shows data for the old-age dependency ratio (ODR) of selected countries for 2010. (a) What is “old-age dependency ratio”? [1] (b) Using Fig. 2, compare the old-age dependency ratios of the four G4 countries and the four Asian countries. [4] (c) What are some economic impact s for countries with an incr easing old-age dependency ratio ? Suggest some strategies to mitigate these impacts. [8]

3 RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2015 Urban Issues and Challenges 3. Fig. 3 shows the percentage urban population in 1950, 1975 and 2000 and the predicted percentage urban population in 2025. (a) In which year did the urban population in LDCs reach 40%? [1] (b) Using Fig. 3, compare the trends in percentage urban population in LDCs and DCs from 1975 to 2025. [4] (c) Using examples, suggest reasons for the increase in urbanisation in LDCs over time. [7] The Globalisation of Economic Activity / Population Issues and Challenges 4. Fig. 4 shows the location of Educity, an education hub located in Nusajaya, in the state of Johor, Malaysia. (a) What is meant by the term “education hub”? [1] (b) Using information from Fig. 4, o utline the reasons that make Nusajaya a good location for an education hub. [6] (c) Explain three possible policies in which the state government of Johor could have implemented to attract foreign educational institutions to locate in the Educity. [6]

4 RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2015 Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5. EITHER (a) Explain the main reasons for the growth of the service sectors in LDCs. [9] (b) With reference to one or more examples, evaluate how supranational bodies impact on national and regional economies. [16] 5. OR (a) Explain the processes of de-industrialisation and re- industrialisation in DCs. [9] (b) ‘The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the best measurements of development of a country.’ To what extent do you agree? [16] Population Issues and Challenges 6. EITHER (a) Describe and explain the Limits to Growth Model on the relationship between population and resources. [9] (b) Evaluate the notion that the Demographic Transition Model has more application for DCs than LDCs. [16] 6. OR (a) Account for the increased international migratory flows in recent decades. [9] (b) Evaluate the effect iveness of anti -natal policies in bringing down fertility rates in LDCs. [16]

5 RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2015 Urban Issues and Challenges 7. EITHER (a) Outline how the Bid Rent Model has li mited application in explaining today’s city structure. [9] (b) ‘Suburbanisation has caused more harm than good.’ How far do you agree? [16] 7. OR (a) Outline the causes of homelessness in large urban areas. [9] (b) Evaluate th e reasons for and consequences of primate cities in DCs and LDCs. [16] END