RI H2 GEO P2

This paper consists of 4 printed pages including the cover page Page 1 Raffles Institution 2017 Year 6 Preliminary Examination Level: Year 6 H2 GEOGRAPHY Time: 3 hours 9751 Paper 2 Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution Raffles Institution Raffles Instit ution Raffles Institut ion Raffles Institutio n Raffles Institution READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Index number and name on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips or correction fluid. Candidates answer all questions. The Insert contains all the Resources referred to in the questions. You should make reference to appropriate examples studied in the field or the classroom, even where such examples are not specifically requested by the question. Diagram and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. World outline maps will be provided if you request for them. They may be annotated and handed in with the relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Answer every question on a fresh sheet of writing paper.

This paper consists of 4 printed pages including the cover page Page 2 SECTION A Theme 4: Geographical Investigation 1 A group of four 18-year-old students were tasked to access the impact of urban imaging on urban dwellers in the Marina Bay area. As part of the study, the group have selected three large flagship projects in the area, including the Gardens by the Bay, Marina Bay Sands Hotel, and t he ArtScience Museum. Each of these three developments are world renowned, iconic, have a unique architecture, and feature prominently in marketing images of Singapore across the world. The group conducted a systematic random sampling survey of people visiting the three attractions, asking them a seri es of open ended questions on how the development of Marina Bay has impac ted them. The students decided to use 3 days for the fieldwork at t he start of their June schoo l vacation. The students wandered around the various attractions to gather respondents between 9am to 12pm. Resource 1 is a fact sheet on the th ree attractions. Resource 2 shows the breakdown of visitor numbers to the three attractions. Resource 3 is an article discussing the various developments in the Marina Bay ar ea by the Urban Redevelopment Authority ( URA). Resource 4 shows the survey questions which the students intend to use. (a) With reference to Resource 1 and 2, suggest a suitable research question for the group’s investigation, and suggest two reasons why it is viable. [3] (b) With reference to Res ource 2, outline what further information about visitor numbers may be needed. [3] (c) With reference to Resource 4, explain how the students can process the data collected. [6] (d) With reference to Resources 1, 2 and 4, suggest two limitations of the group’s chosen method of data collect ion and suggest how it can be improved. [4] (e) Evaluate the usefulness of secondary sources shown in Resource 3 in helping to understand the concept of urban imaging in the Marina Bay area. [9]

This paper consists of 4 printed pages including the cover page Page 3 SECTION B Theme 1: Tropical Environments Limestone in Palawan Theme 2: Development, Economy and Environment Aid and Investment into Africa 2 Palawan is an island which forms part of th e Philippine archipelago. The St Paul area, near the northern tip of the island, is an area of Miocene limestone formed approximately 23 million years ago. Resource 5 is an aerial view of St Paul’s Ridge. Resource 6 is a picture of an under ground cave river in the same region. Resource 7 is a map of Pa lawan. Resource 8 is a m ap of atmospheric pressure and wind direction over Asia. Resource 9 shows a climograph of Palawan. (a) Describe the landform as seen in Resource 5. [4] (b) Explain how geological factors led to the formation of the karst landform as seen in Resource 5. [6] (c) Suggest how the underground river in Resource 6 would influence drainage density in the region. [4] (d) Using evidence from Resources 7 and 8, explain the climate of Palawan. [5] (e) With reference to Resource 9, explain how climate affected the development of karst in Palawan. [6] 3 Resource 10 shows GDP per capita and Aid flows into Africa from 1975 to 2005. Resource 11 shows the length of duration of Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs) by the World Bank/IMF on countries in Africa and the percentage change in debt levels. Resource 12 shows a snapshot of China’s global foreign aid by the end of 2009. Resource 13 is an infographic on the benefits a country can reap from natural resources. (a) Describe the pattern of GDP per capita and International Aid flows as shown in Resource 10. [3] (b) Suggest two possible reasons for increa se in Aid flows from 2000 onwards as shown in Resource 10. [4] (c) With reference to Resource 11, out line, and suggest reasons for, the trends in the years of implementing SAP and percentage change in debt level. [5] (d) Explain why China chose to invest the heaviest in Africa, as opposed to other regions, as shown in Resource 12. [6] (e) With the help of Resource 13, explai n how resource rich countries can avoid falling into the trap of the ‘resource curse’. [7]

This paper consists of 4 printed pages including the cover page Page 4 Theme 3: Sustainable Development Energy use in Brazil 4 The energy mix of a country is the amount and type of each form of energy used. Resource 14 shows the changes in oil pr oduction in South America from 1995 to 2015. Resource 15 shows the energy mix of various countries in 1988. Resource 16 shows the energy mix of Brazil in 2015. Resource 17 is a map of expected changes in precipitation in the 21st century. Resource 18 is a map of countries in South America. (a) Outline and explain the impact of oil production in Brazil on the global climate as shown in Resource 14. [4] (b) Describe the pattern of energy mix for the different countries as shown in Resource 15. [5]