TJC Prelim H2 GEO P2 SAP

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 1 SECTION A Theme 4: Geographical Investigation 1 (a) Design a recording sheet that the students may use to collate their data collected across the different sites marked out in Resource 1. Award 1 mark for title, award 2 ma rk for accurate components in data recording sheet (including consideration of sites, pH and turbidity scores). [3] (b) With reference to Resources 1 and 2, explain the limitations pertaining to the planning and data collect ion of the investigat ion. Suggest how these limitations can be overcome. Indicative Content: • Uneven spacing of sites – to be overcome by ensuring even spacing of sites along Pang Sua River • Impacts of water quality not only limited to Pang Sua River – to be overcome by also looking at other potential sites where water quality may be affected by industries • Too limiting to conduct study on Saturday morning – other days and times to be considered • Timing of data collection at sites to also be reassessed • Method of data collection has issue of subjectivity – overcome by using more sophisticated equipment to take readings of pH and turbidity. Consider also other ways to measure water quality. • Getting more students involved to conduct study for greater effectiveness and more reliable data. [7] (c) Suggest how the students can mitigate the potential risks that may arise when undertaking this investigation. Indicative Content: • Road safety • Attire for fieldwork • Safety from falling into channel • Safety from chemicals in channel • Weather-related considerations [3] (d) Explain why the group’s data may differ if they had conducted their investigation after a heavy thunderstorm. Indicative Content: [4]

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 2 • Increase in turbidity – addition of sediment from surrounding area picked up by overland flow • Decrease in turbidity – addition of rainfall into channel discharge • Neutralising pH value – addition of rainfall into channel discharge • Lowering pH value – effect of acid rain (e) Suggest how the group of students can extend their investigation to examine the impact of Sungei Ka dut Industrial Estate on local communities. Indicative Content: Candidates will need to consider what the other impacts may be that arise due to the activities in the industrial estate. A higher level response will highlight the various groups of people that may make up the local community in the area around the Sungei Kadut Industrial Estate, of which they may experience different forms of impacts due to the activities at the industrial estate. They may also consider the adaptions of the investigation in a lignment with the five stages of investigation, which include: • Crafting the research question or hypothesis • Developing a plan for the new investigation • How to go about collecting data • How to best present and analyse the collected data • Evaluating and communicating the new findings Levels marked using an adapted vers ion of the H2 generic level descriptors for Theme 4. [8]

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 3

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 4 SECTION B Theme 1: Tropical Environments Climate Characteristics and Physical Processes in Australia 2 (a) With reference to Resource 3, briefly describe the climograph of Cairns. Award 1 mark for identifying the temperature pattern (being generally high) and 1 mark for the rainfall pattern (h igh but fluctuating over months) of Cairns. [2] (b) With the aid of a diagram and Resour ce 4, explain how the change in average sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean between 11 October 2015 and 7 November 2015 could affect the weather conditions in Eastern Australia. Reserve 1 mark for diagram. Indicative Content: • Shift in rainfall patterns in Eastern Australia – drier than usual • Cool surface temperatures over water • High pressure created • Atmospheric stability • little to no cloud formation [6] (c) Compare the tracks of Tropical C yclones George and Yasi shown in Resource 5. Indicative Content: • longer track • difference in curvative • areas in Australia affected by cyclones differ • direction of movement differs [3] (d) Suggest strategies that could be used to minimise the effects of flooding arising from the tropical cyclone shown in Resource 6. Indicative Content: Any of these strategies explained in detail would have been accepted: • construction of embankments (levees) • channel deepening an d straigtening [5]

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 5 • use of gabions • overflow or relief channels • storage areas • dam constructions • prediction (ie using past events to indicate scale of threat) • preventive planning • adaption • early warnings • evacuation drills • afforestation of watersheds • contouring ploughing in the nearby river basin that may worsen floods (e) With reference to the resources pr ovided and your ow n knowledge, how far do you agree that the ITCZ is primarily responsible to explain the climate of Cairns? Indicative Content: As seen in (a), the climate of Cairns is one being generally high in temperature and rainfall, but fluctuating rainfall over the course of the year. Candidates will need to explain how the migration of the ITCZ helps in explaining the seasonality seen in Ca irn’s climate as shown in the climograph in Resource 3. Candidates will need to recognise that there are other factors other than the ITCZ that are also responsible in explaining the clim ate of Cairns as seen in the resources provided. These factors include: • ENSO (as also highlighted in part (d)) • Winds and Monsoon • Warm East Australian ocean current • Tropical cyclones (as seen by Tropical Cyclone George and Yasi as some examples) • Urbanization as seen in the town in Cairns featured in Resource 6 Higher level responses will consider the extent of impact that these factors may have on the overall climate of Cairns. The use of an evaluation criteria may be helpful in helping them decision which fact or is primarily responsible. Levels marked using H2 generic level descriptors for open-ended 9m DRQ on Themes 1, 2 and 3. [9]

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 6

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 2 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 7 SECTION C Theme 2: Development, Economy and Environment Global Production Network of Semiconductors 3 (a) Describe the changes in the pattern of network connections from 2000 to 2011 shown in Resource 7. Indicative Content: • new connections established • disconnections over time • overall arrangement of the network • the number of connections • intensity of connections [3] (b) Identify the change in Mexico’s prof its in manufactured goods between 2000 and 2011 shown in Resource 7 and suggest reasons for this change. Award 1 mark for candidates that accurately identify the change in Mexico’s profits in manufactured goods between 2000 and 2011. Indicative Content: Aspects to consider for the change identified above include: • NIDL and the factors t hat led to its emergence • Role of transnational corporations (TNCs) • Role of the state – regulating economic activi ties; providing public services and goods; business owner and investor • Influence of regional and internati onal organisations (intra-regional trade organisations; global financial institutions; trade organisations) • Involvement of non-state actors [6] (c) Describe the spatial di stribution of the production circuit of the semiconductor shown in Resource 8. Indicative Content: • Candidates must be able to se e how Re