TJC Prelim_H2_GEO_P1_SAP

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 1 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 1 SECTION A – Tropical Environments 1 (a) Explain how changes in the pathways and water stores in a drainage basin affect discharge in a river channel. Indicative Content Focus on the question should be on the pathways and water stores in a drainage basin, which include: • Pathways: overland flow, infiltra tion, percolation, throughflow and baseflow • Water stores: interception and biol ogical water storage, soil water storage, groundwater storage, channel storage [River] discharge could be interpret ed as an output. As such, students should be thinking about how the pathways and water stores would have an effect on river discharge. A higher level response will focus on how the pat hways and water stores changes and its resultant effect on di scharge in a river channel. Students could see the link of discharge to hydrographs and draw connections in their answer to it. Levels marked using H2 generic level descriptors for 12m [12] 1 (b) To what extent is an understanding of channel morphology important in explaining the processes that occur in river channels? Having established the pathways and wa ter stores in the drainage basin and its effect on river discharge in (a), candidates would now discuss the relationship between channel morphology and the processes that occur in the channel. Indicative Content: Candidates would be required to have an understanding of what constitutes channel morphology. Furt hermore, candidates will need to identify the processes that occur in ri ver channels, which includes erosion, transportation and deposition. Candidates will then need to make the link as to how the fluvial processes shape channel morphology. However, there are other elements that also are impoetant in explaining the processes that occur in the river channel. A higher level response will would see that there is no standard channel morphology and this is result of va rious combinations of the fluvial processes and the factors that shape them. Exampl es could be used to illustrate the interplay of these factors, processes and forms. Possible links to other topics include effects of tropical deforestation (Topic [20]

JC2H2PE2018 PAPER 1 TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT 2 1.2), the actions of extractive indus tries (Topic 2.2) and the effects of climate change (Topic 3.1). Levels marked using H2 generic level descriptors for 20m 2 (a) With the aid of the rock cycle, explai n the formation and characteristics of a named igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rock respectively. Indicative Content: The rock types that need to be cons idered in relation to the rock cycle would include ignrous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. A higher level response will focus on one named rock type as stipulated by the question. In understanding these ro ck type in detail, candidates will be able