SAJC Prelim H2 GEO P2

ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE Preliminary Examinations Higher 2 Geography Paper 2 Human Geography 9730/02 15 September 2016 3 hrs Additional Materials: Insert World Outline Map READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Begin each question on a fresh page. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. You are advised not to spend more than one hour 30 minutes on Section A. The Insert contains all the Figures and Photograph referred to in the questions. You should make reference to appropriate examples studied in the field or the classroom, even where such examples are not specifically requested by the questions. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 blank page. [Turn Over

© SAJC 2016 9730/02/16 Preliminary Examinations 2 Section A (DRQ) Answer all questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 4 carry 12 marks and Question 3 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1A shows the global production of automobiles in 2012, and Fig. 1B shows the changes in the relative importance of automobile producing countries between 1960 and 2012. (a) Identify the mapping technique used to construct Fig. 1A, and explain one limitation of this mapping technique, using Fig. 1A to support your answer. [3] (b) Using Fig. 1B, compare how the relative importance of China and the United States in the global production of automobiles have changed between 1960 and 2012. [2] (c) From Figs 1A and 1B, it can been seen that some countries managed to gain more importance in the production of automobiles in recent years. Suggest and explain how these countries managed to do so. [7] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Fig. 2A shows the total fertility rates (TFR) for South Korea between 1970 and 2010. Figs 2B and 2C show posters used in South Korea to influence fertility in the 1970s and early 2000s respectively. (a) Using Fig. 2A, state: (i) the year in which replacement level fertility was reached; (ii) the value of TFR when it was at its lowest. [2] (b) Contrast the objectives of the two posters, supporting your answer with evidence from Figs 2B and 2C. [4] (c) Explain the extent to which the decline in fertility shown in Fig. 2A should be attributed to the population policy represented by the poster in Fig. 2B. [6]

© SAJC 2016 9730/02/16 Preliminary Examinations 3 Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Fig. 3 shows the map of Manhattan, a borough in New York City, United States. (a) Drawing evidence from Fig. 3, show that social segregation exists in Manhattan. [3] (b) Using Fig. 3 and your own knowledge, explain why social segregation are often evident in large urban areas. [6] (c) Outline how you would conduct a pedestrian count to investigate pedestrian flows on a weekend morning in the area marked Central Park on Fig. 3. [5] Globalisation of Economic Activity & Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Fig. 4 shows the ranking of the top 25 cities out of 125, according to the Global Cities Index in 2015, and the categories by which the cities’ performance were measured against. (a) How many Asian cities are featured in the ranking shown in Fig. 4? Given current trends, briefly explain how this representation might change by 2030. [3] (b) Suggest why ‘business activity’ and ‘human capital’ are the most important categories used by the Global Cities Index to determine a city’s rank. [4] (c) Are global cities necessarily primate cities? With the help of Fig. 4 and using your own knowledge, explain your answer. [5]

© SAJC 2016 9730/02/16 Preliminary Examinations 4 Section B (Essay) Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 Either (a) Explain the relationship between global shift and the New International Division of Labour (NIDL). [9] (b) ‘A TNC operates in a manner that benefits itself most, rather than the countries in which it operates.’ With reference to one named TNC, discuss the extent to which you agree with this view. [16] 5 Or (a) Outline the nature of the research and development (R&D) sector and explain its growth in the context of global economic change. [9] (b) To what extent should the globalisation of economic activity be attributed to supranational bodies? [16] Population Issues and Challenges 6 Either (a) Explain why, within a country, the death rate may fall more rapidly in some areas than others. [9] (b) ‘Migration carries with it much risk.’ Discuss the extent to which you agree with this view. [16] 6 Or (a) Describe the main features of the Demographic Transition Model, and explain why the model is considered limited in its usefulness. [9] (b) The United Nations recently projected that by the year 2050, the world’s population may reach 9 billion. To what extent is such a projection meaningful in the study of population-resource relationships? [16]

© SAJC 2016 9730/02/16 Preliminary Examinations 5 Urban Issues and Challenges 7 Either (a) Give the meaning of the term counter-urbanisation, and explain why counter-urbanisation occurs in DCs. [9] (b) How far do you agree that the re-urbanisation of cities in DCs has had only positive consequences? [16] 7 Or (a) Fig. 5 shows an image from a website about an eco-city in China. With reference to Fig. 5, and/or other examples, describe and explain the priorities that are likely to influence the future form of cities. [9] (b) ‘Transport issues remain difficult to be effectively managed.’ To what extent is this view true for the urban areas you have studied? [16] - End of Paper -