4E5N Geography Answering Techniques Manual 2020 EG.docx

HIHS Secondary ‘O’ LevelHumanities (Geography) 2272/02Answering Techniques Manual Name: _____________________ ( ) Class: ________Date: _________ Overview of skills1. Describe relationships2. Describe trends3. Describe distributions4. Compare and contrast5. Diagram drawing6. Annotated and Well-labelled diagrams7. Open-ended questions (1) Describe relationships Steps:1. State the relationship. Suggested structuresare:As variable Xincreases/decreases, variableYincreases/decreases(direct relationship)ORThegreater/highervariable X, thegreater/higher/smaller/lowervariable Y (inverserelationship). 2. Provide two sets of relevant data to reflectthe described relationship. (data can beselected from the highest or lowest valueto show contrast) 3. State anomalies, if any. Sample questionRefer to Pitstop 3 in ‘Variable weather and changingclimate’. Fig. 2.17.Question: With reference to Fig. 2.17, describe therelationship between temperature and the capacityof air tohold water vapour. [2] Answer:[1] Thehigherthe air temperature, thegreaterthecapacity of air to hold water.[1] As seen in Fig. 2.17, when air temperatureincreasesfrom 10°C to 50°C, the amount of watervapour contained in the airincreasesfrom 10g/kgof air to 94g/kg of air. (2) Describe trends (Single line/bar graphs)Steps:1. Give the overall trend (starting year + value,ending year + value, increase/decrease/constant) 2. Pick out significant changes.- greatest/sharpest/most drastic change (in the samedirection as the overall trend) 1

- least/smallest/slowest change (in the same direction as the overall trend) 3. State anomalies, if any.- greatest change (in the opposite directionas the overall trend) What makes an ideal description?✔ A verb is used to show the type of change or lackof – increase, decrease or remains constant.✔ An adjective or adverb is used to show the extentof change – slight(ly), gradually, slowly, small,moderate, large, sharp, drastic(ally).✔ Interpretation is supported by data from the graph.✔ State starting year and value, ending year and value,with the correct units. Sample question 1Refer to Fig. 2.26 in ‘Food resources’, TB pg 108.Question: With reference to Fig. 2.26, describe thetrend of beef consumption in the EU between 1980to2010. [3] Answer:[1] There is an overall decreasein beef consumptionin the EU from8.2 million tonnes in 1980 to6.4 million tonnes in 2010.[1] Thesharpest decreaseoccurs in1999, from7.5millionto7 million in 2000.[1] From2000onwards, itincreasedat a decreasingrate from6 million tonnesto6.4 milliontonnes in 2010. Sample question 2Refer to Fig. 1.55a) in ‘Global Tourism’. TB pg 49.Question: With reference to Fig. 1.55a), describethe trend in Egypt’s annual international touristarrivals from2006 to 2011. [3] Answer:[1] There is an overall increasein Egypt’s annual international tourist arrivals from9.1 million in2006to11.5million in 2012.[1] Thegreatest increaseis observed to be from12.5million in 2009to14 7 milli