CWSS 2022 Prelim ANS

2022MYESec4E5NSSLORMS 1 WhywasSourceA created?Explainyouranswerwithdetailsfromthesource. [5] L3 L2+PurposeexplainedAward4marksfornocontext/weakDOAward5marksforfullVAMDOC SourceAwascreatedtoraiseawareness/informtheglobalaudiencethatSMEs,self-employedworkersandentrepreneurs,arebadlyaffectedbytheCOVID-19pandemic(message)so thatrelevantstakeholderssuchasgovernmentandemployersto providesupportstructuresto assistthesecompanies,e.g.byprovidingtax breaks.(Intendedimpact)Thisis basedon thecontextof thesource,wheremultiplenationallockdownsin 2020slowedoreventemporarilystoppedtheflowof rawmaterialsandfinishedgoodsandreducedbusinessactivitiesandthushaddisruptedtheoperationsof companiesworldwide.Asshownin SourceA, it saysthat “SMEsand theirworkers,as well asentrepreneursandtheself-employedareamongthoseaffected”andthat“24.7millionjobsareatrisk.”(evidence)Thismeansthatthepandemichadaffectedtheabilityofsmallcompaniestostayafloatandkeeptheirprofitsrunningwhichthusaffectedtheemployabilityoftheworkers.(explain) [4-5] 2 StudySourceBandC. DoyouthinkthesoftwareengineerinSourceC wouldhaveagreedwiththeauthorinSourceB?Explainyouranswer. 6 L1 Agree/Disagreebased on source type/provenanceonly (notdeveloped)/FalseMatching/Context/Timeframe Thesoftwareengineerwouldhavedisagreedwiththepresidentofthepalmoilcompanybecauseoneworksin theIT sectorandtheotherin thepalmoilindustrywhichearnedmoreprofits. 1-2 L2 Agree/DisagreebasedonContent3 marksforweakexplanationorlifting,orunclearcomparison/commoncriteria. ThesoftwareengineerinCwouldhavedisagreedwiththeauthorinBbecausehe hadbeenadverselyaffectedby theCOVID-19pandemic.Basedon thesource,hewas“laidoff” inthemiddleofthepandemicandwasnotprotectedbythegovernment.Thushewouldnothaveagreedwiththepresidentofthepalmoilcompany. 3-4 L3 AgreeANDDisagreebasedonContentAward4mforweakCRAward5mforstrongCR(or2ComparisonsofContent) 5-6

2 Thesoftwareengineerin C wouldhaveagreedwiththeauthorin B thattheCOVID-19pandemichada negativeimpacton industries/economy. ThisisbasedonSourceC wherehewas“laidoff” fromhisITstartupcompanyanddescribedit as“anightmare”.SimilarlyinSourceB,theCOVIDrestrictionshadledto“ashortageofworkerscausedbybordercontrols”.EvenbigcompaniessuchastheoneinBwasnotsparedfromthenegativeeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemic. L4 L3+DisagreebasedonStanceAward6mforweakcomparisonofstanceAward7mforstrongcomparisonofstance Disagree:Thesoftwareengineerin SourceC wouldhavedisagreedwiththeauthorinSourceB as theyhaddifferentexperiencesfromCOVID-19.TheauthorinSourceB wouldhavebeenofthestandthatCOVID19hadnotcompletelyadverselyaffectedhislivelihood, whilethesoftwareengineerin a smallstartupcompanywouldhavebeenbadlyaffected[stance]. Beingthepresidentofa prominentplantationcompanyinMalaysia,hisperspectivewouldhavebeenmoreoptimisticof theimpactof COVID-19as comparedto thedisplacedsoftwareengineerwhowouldhavea morepessimisticstance.Asmentionedin SourceB, the“palmoil industryappealedto thegovernmentauthorities”andhadreceivedassistancewhileinSourceC,itseemedthateventhoughtheyweresupposedto“receivepayrollprotection”,thesoftwareengineerhadstillbeenlaidoff whichshowedthathedidnotobtainedgovernmentsupportafterall. 7 3 StudySourceD. Howusefulis SourceD in showingthe effectsof COVID-19on bigcompanies?Explainyouranswer. [7] L1 Did not answerQuestion[No mentionof Usefulnessin any of theparagraphsORMerelydescribing] SourceDshowedthatCOVID-19didnotnegativelyaffectbigcompanies. [1] L2 UsefulbasedonCONTENTAward2marksforweaksupportAward3marksforstrongsupport [WeakSupport]SourceD is usefulin showingthatCOVID-19hada positiveeffecton/didnotaffectbigcompaniesnegatively. Thiscanbeseenfromthegraphwhichshowedtherevenueearnedbybigcompanieswhichseemedtoberisingwhichmeansthattheymadealotofmoney. [Strongsupport]SourceD is usefulin showingthatCOVID-19hada positiveeffecton/didnotaffectbigcompaniesnegatively. Thiscanbeseenfromthegraphwhichshowedthecumulativeprofitsof bigcompaniessuchas Apple [2-3]

3 whoserevenueincreaseby39%from2020to2021,whiletherevenueearnedbyMicrosoftincreasedby21%inoneyear. L3 Useful/NotUsefulbasedonRELIABILITY(CROSS-REFERENCING)Award4marksforcross-referencing,unsupported.Award5marksforcross-referencing,supported. UsefulCRtoSourceB (BothSourceB andD areaboutbigcompaniesbeingabletosurvive) NotUsefulCRtoC(BigTechvsSMEs,ORBigTechvssmalltech) CannotCRto:SourceA,SourceC,SourceEandF. (cangiveifthereisanattempttomakethelink,e.g.inSourceE) [4-5] L4 (can skip to Prov) Useful based on RELIABILITY(PURPOSE/PROVENANCE)Award6mforweakevaluationofProvenance Weakevaluation:Itisstatisticswhichissupposedtobeneutralandmerelyseekstopublishdata. Useful:SourceDisusefulasit isreliablebasedonProvenance.Beingpublishedbyanindependentcompanythat analysesdata,the sourcewouldhavedonesufficientresearchto provideaccuratedata. Furthermore,it is anindependentcompanywhichmeansthatit isnotaffiliatedtoanyorganizationorgovernment,andhenceabletoprovideunbiaseddataontherevenueperformanceof theBigTechcompanies/beinga companythatanalysesdata,it wouldhavetheexpertisetoacquireaccuratedataontherevenueearningsoftheseITcompanies. Thusbeingneutral,itisreliableanduseful. NotUseful:Whilethesourceisfromanindependentcompanyandisnotlikelytobeaffiliatedwithanyorganization,it alsomeansthatit isathirdpartysource.Thecompanywouldnot havean in-depthor comprehensivepictureof theBigTechcompanies’overallperformance, suchasemploymentrates,salarycutsetc.Thusby havinga limitedperspectiveof theperformance,it is limitedinreliabilityandthereforenotuseful. [6-7]

4 4 StudySourcesEandF. AfterreadingSourceF, doyoutrustSourceE?Explainyouranswer. [7) L1 Describes/ liftingofsourcecontentORMisinterpretSourceEORevaluatedReliabilityofFONLY. SourceE canbetrustedasit showedthattheCOVID-19pandemichashadtofightforsurvival. [1] L2 Reliable/NotReliablebasedonCONTENTONLY [2m-if studentinterpretsSourceEasbeingbadlyaffectedbythepandemicwithoutconsideringthepositivemessageofthesource] SourceE cannotbetrustedasit showedthattheSingaporeTourismBoardwasableto tideoverthenegativeeffectsofthepandemiconthetourismindustry.Thiscanbeseenfromthesourcewhere“Ourtourismbusinesseshasdisplayedimmenseresiliencethroughoutthisdifficultperiod,reinventingthemselves.”Thisshowedthatthetourismsectorin Singapore,whilehavingbeenaffectedbytheCOVID-19pandemic,wasabletorestructureandinnovateinordertosurvivetheafter-effectsofthepandemicontravel. [2-3] L3 ReliabilitybasedonCROSSREFERENCEAward4marksforweaksupportAward5marksforstrongsupport [WeakCR]–BothsourcesAgreedAfterreadingSourceF, I cantrustSourceE asbothsourcesshowedthatthetourismsectorhadbeennegativelyaffectedbytheCOVID-19pandemic.ThiscanbeseenfromSourceEwhere“Singapore’stourismsectorhashadtofightforsurvivalin2020”whichshowedthatCOVID-19’s multiplelockdownshadledtoafallindemandinthetourismindustry. SimilarlyinSourceF, thecartoondepicteda touragencywaitingfor an “indicationfromgovernmentontourismindustryrestart”.Bothsourcesshowedthatwithlesspeopletravellingandduetomultiplelockdownsacrosstheglobe,therehadbeennorecourseforthetravelindustry. [StrongCR]–BothsourcesDisagreedAfterreadingSourceF, I donottrustSourceE.Bothsourcesdisagreedontheeffectsof COVID-19onthetourismindustry. WhileSourceF showedthatthetourismindustryhadbeenbadlyaffectedbytheCOVID-19pandemic,SourceEshowedthatnotallwerebadlyaffecteddueto governmentsupportandtheirabilitytore-innovatethemselves.InSourceE,itshowedthatthetourismsectorinSingaporehadbenefittedfrom“variousgovernmentsupportmeasures”andby“reinventingtheirbusinessmodels”.Througheffectivemarketing,Singapore’stourismsectorwasabletosurvivetheworseeffectsofCOVID-19. [4-5] L4 ReliabilitybasedonProvenance/Purpose(BasedonSourceE)Award6 marksforweaksupport(analyseprovenanceofatleast1ofthesourcesandlogicisclear. Iflogicisnotclearthenwedonotaccept)Award7marksforstrongsupport [6-7]

5 AfterreadingSourceF, I donottrustSourceE.SourceEisamediareleasefromtheSingaporeTourismBoardwhichisagovernmentstatutoryboard.Thismeansthatit is inclinedto instillconfidencein thecitizensas wellas tourismagencies,ofthesurvivabilityoftheirtourismsectoru