Bartley Sec Sch 4NA SS Prelims 2019 QP+MS

1 Class Registration Number Name BARTLEY SECONDARY SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS COMBINED HUMANITIES 2175/01 2176/01 Sec 4 Normal Academic 14 August 2019 Paper 1 Social Studies 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on Foolscap Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your class, register number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer both parts of Question 2. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. For Examiner’s Use Section A Section B Total Set by: NP This document consists of 7 printed pages [Turn Over

2 Section A [Source-based Case Study] Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the message of this cartoon with regard to sweatshops ? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Source B. Why was this report published in the Human Rights Watch website? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Sources C and D. In what way do the sources agree with each other? Explain your answer. [7] (d) Study Source E Are you surprised by the managers’ response in Source E? Explain your answer. [7] (e) How far do the sources in the case study agree that sweatshops are a blessing for developing countries? Explain your answer. . [10]

3 Are sweatshops a blessing for developing countries? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. Sweatshops are factor ies ( commonly in the clothing ind ustry) where workers are subjected to extremely poor working conditions for long hours and workers are paid very little most of the time . Sweatshops are viewed in a negative light, especially by those from developed countri es with high standards of living. Sweatshops are found in developing countries such as India, China, Vietnam and Bangladesh. These countries have low production costs and provide cheap labour to the m ulti-national corporations (MNCs). In return, the MNCs provide job opportunities at large–scale to their people and provide new sources of income for the nation as a whole. Study the following sources to find out if sweatshops are really a blessing or curse for the people in developing countries. Source A: A cartoonist’s view of NIKE’s sweatshop in Vietnam, a developing country, published in an international news website.

4 Source B: An extract from a report on GAP and H&M sweatshops in Bangladesh published in a *Human Rights Watch website. The number of young girls who cry on their way to work in sweatshops or hide in the toilets there to escape from the harsh working conditions are rising . A week does not pass without these teenagers fainting or vomiting while working. “Our supervisors, slap u s , beat us on our backs and bully us using vulgarities if we do not meet their demands to work overtime or complete the stitching of the number of garments they have targeted for us for that day” . With poor ventilation, strong chemicals filling the air an d inhumane conditions , it is not possible for these workers to fulfill their supervisors’ inhumane demands. *Human Rights Watch - an international non -governmental organisation (NGO) which pressures some governments and human rights abusers to condemn abuse and respect human rights. Source C: Extract of comments by workers from different sweatshops, in developing countries, working for MNCs (H&M, GAP and NIKE), published in a popular American newspaper. “I don't like working in the fields anymor e. We can make more money here so it's better here. I feel that I will be able to send my children to our village school . I feel that I can balance the expenses better.” “I am happy to cook dinner for my family daily when I go home unlike in the past whe n we had many sleepless nights with empty stomachs. Our work place is safe too. Our supervisors do check with us if we are fine and need any help. We are provided with transport too. Every day t hey pick us all from this village just after sun rise and we r eturn safely when the sun sets. I do not have to walk miles to work.” “We need sweatshops in this country. They make us survive, truly.” Source D: An extract from the report by the Association of Multi-national corporations in Developing Countries, published online 2018. Many of these workers came from rural farms. Factory work has given them the opportunity to leave the farm, learn new skills, and has the ability to break the cycle of poverty that their families have endured for generations. Many of these workers even go on to start their own factories because of the education they had received while working in factories which shows us the miracle that sweatshops can provide. Again, when we are looking at the issue of sweatshops, instead of auto matically calling for their closure, we need to ask ourselves if the workers of these factories would be better off without these jobs. The answer is a definite NO! Banning sweatshops would definitely not help workers at all!

5 Source E: Extract of a news report based on GAP and H&M’s response to the accusations against them for their ‘sweatshop’ culture, p ublished by a popular international anti-sweatshop activists’ website. “Violence is unacceptable under any circumstances. We will not condone any intolerable work conditions for our workers that cause them to risk their health or lives.” “We will make sure that those who make our clothes , work in safe conditions and are treated with respect. If we come to know of any inhumane treatment of our wor kers, we will ensure that this is corrected immediately. We will do the necessary to ensure our workers are able to work peacefully and safely. Their well-being is our responsibility as long as they are employed by us.” Copyright Acknowledgements: Source A https://www.google.com/search?q=nike+sweatshop+cartoon&safe=strict&rlz Source B https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/jun/05/female-garment-workers-gap-hm-south-asia Source C https://www.theodysseyonline.com/day-in-the-life-of-sweatshop-worker Source D https://fee.org/articles/bann